Dealing with intellectual property (IP) landmines: Defensive measures to address the problem of IP access |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Computer Science, the University of Manchester, Kilburn Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9, PL, UK;2. Division of Informatics, Imaging & Data Sciences (L5)Division of Informatics, Imaging & Data Sciences, The Health eResearch Centre Vaughan House Portsmouth Street Manchester M13 9GB;1. The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China;2. Bank for International Settlements, Basel, Switzerland |
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| Abstract: | Intellectual property (IP) rights have become an important strategic battleground, in which IP owners increasingly build barriers that impede firms from operating in the marketplace. Although research has examined property preemption as one approach to defend against being blocked by others’ IP, a broader palette of defensive IP measures to address problems of missing access to external IP has received less scrutiny. In quantitative analyses of a representative survey of German firms, we find that key firm-level attributes—firm scope, innovation expenses, product innovation, collaboration breadth, and use of patents—are associated with a need to use such defensive IP measures. We also examine the firm-level attributes associated with a firm’s choice among eight possible types of strategies for IP defense, and how certain types of defensive IP measures are systematically interrelated in use. Qualitative interviews with seventeen intellectual property practitioners complement, and help to interpret, our quantitative findings. Implications for future research, and for managers and policymakers are discussed. |
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| Keywords: | Intellectual property Strategy IP access problem Defensive measures Freedom to innovate |
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