| 学生消费者：域外争鸣与本土启示 |
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| 引用本文： | 王晓茜.学生消费者：域外争鸣与本土启示[J].复旦教育论坛,2022,20(3):12-19. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王晓茜 |
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| 作者单位： | 华东师范大学 教育学部 |
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| 摘 要： | 20世纪中后期,在消费主义思潮、新公共管理主义以及全面质量管理理论的共同作用下,“学生消费者”成为西方高等教育变革的重要产物。西方学者围绕“学生消费者”形成了支持与批判两派理论,支持派认为“学生消费者”在提高高等教育管理效率、规范教师教学行为以及促进教育过程民主化等方面具有积极功用,批判派则提出“学生消费者”引发了学习动机功利、学习分数膨胀、学术标准下降以及学习体验失真等一系列教育问题。在消费主义思潮影响下,我国本科教育人才培养实践陆续出现一系列“学生消费者”倾向：一方面高等院校开始关注学生就读诉求与学生满意度,另一方面“文凭至上”“考证热”“水课”“清考”等负面产物也逐渐浮现。当下破解我国本科教育的现实问题、实现创建一流本科教育目标需从重新审视我国本科教育发展价值观,重视课堂教学质量提升,平衡专业教育与通识教育以及改善本科教育质量保障与评价方式等方面入手。
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| 关 键 词： | “学生消费者” 高等教育 本科人才培养 述评 |
Students as Consumers: Debate in Western Countries and Implication for China |
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| WANG Xiaoxi.Students as Consumers: Debate in Western Countries and Implication for China[J].Fudan Education Forum,2022,20(3):12-19. |
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| Authors: | WANG Xiaoxi |
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| Institution: | Faculty of Education, East China Normal University |
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| Abstract: | In the middle and late twentieth century, under the combined effect of consumerism, new public management, and total quality management theories, the phenomenon of "students as consumers" have become important products of the reform of western higher education. Western scholars have formed two types of theories: support versus criticism of "students as consumers". Among them, supporters believe that this concept has positive functions in improving the efficiency of higher education management, regulating teachers'' teaching behaviors, and promoting the democratization of the educational process. However, the critics point out that it has caused a series of educational problems such as utilitarian learning motivation, the inflation of learning scores, the decline of academic standards, and the distortion of the learning experience. Under the influence of consumerism, a series of "students as consumers" tendencies appear in the cultivation of talents in undergraduate education in China. For example, colleges and universities have begun to pay attention to students'' demands for study and their satisfaction. On the other hand, negative products such as "diploma first", "certificate craze", "water course" and "clear examination system" have gradually emerged. Solving the practical problems of China''s undergraduate education and realizing the goal of creating a first-class undergraduate education requires rethinking the development values of China''s undergraduate education, preventing score inflation, improving teaching quality, balancing professional education and general education, and promoting undergraduate education quality assurance and evaluation methods. |
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| Keywords: | students as consumers higher education undergraduate talent training commentary |
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