Regulating artificial intelligence: Proposal for a global solution |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Law, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand;2. Soul Machines, Auckland, New Zealand;3. Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA;1. Department of Organization, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Organization and Informatics Vara?din, Pavlinska 2, 42 000 Vara?din, Croatia;2. College of Arts and Sciences, Carlow University, 3333 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States;1. FSA ULaval, Université Laval, Pavillon Palasis-Prince, 2325 rue de la Terrasse, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;1. Departamento de Computação, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil;2. Centro de Informática, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil;1. Associate Professor and Director, School of Planning, Public Policy, and Management, University of Oregon, 263 Hendricks Hall, 1209 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, United States of America;2. Associate Professor, School of Urban Affairs, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, United States of America;1. Nyenrode Business University, Department of Accounting, Auditing and Control, PO Box 130, 3620 AC Breukelen, Netherlands;2. SEO Amsterdam, Netherlands;3. Department of Economics and Management, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands;4. Nyenrode Business University, Department of Accounting, Auditing and Control, Breukelen, Netherlands;5. Department of Spatial Economics, Free University, Amsterdam, Netherlands;1. Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Information systems and Technology, Forum for Digitalization, Holmgatan 10, Sundsvall 851 70, Sweden.;2. University of South Africa, Department of Information Science, Preller Street, Muckleneuk Ridge, Pretoria. |
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| Abstract: | With increasing ubiquity of artificial intelligence (AI) in modern societies, individual countries and the international community are working hard to create an innovation-friendly, yet safe, regulatory environment. Adequate regulation is key to maximize the benefits and minimize the risks stemming from AI technologies. Developing regulatory frameworks is, however, challenging due to AI's global reach, agency problems present in regulation, and the existence of widespread misconceptions about the very notion of regulation. This paper makes three claims: (1) Based on interdisciplinary insights, we show that AI-related challenges cannot be tackled effectively without sincere international coordination supported by robust, consistent domestic, regional, and international governance arrangements. (2) Against this backdrop, we propose the establishment of an international AI governance framework to spearhead initiatives to create a consistent, global enabling regulatory environment, which is necessary for the successful and responsible adoption of AI technologies. To facilitate the practical implementation of our recommendation, we provide a simplified impact assessment on regulatory architecture and governance design options, appropriate to the scope of the paper. (3) We draw attention to communication challenges, which we believe are underestimated barriers hindering contemporary efforts to develop AI regulatory regimes. We argue that a fundamental change of mindset regarding the nature of regulation is necessary to remove these, and put forward some recommendations on how to achieve this. |
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