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The nature of force depression and force enhancement in skeletal muscle contraction
Abstract:Here, we review the history-dependent phenomena associated with muscle force production. Specifically, the depression of the steady-state isometric force following muscle shortening, and the enhancement of the steady-state isometric force following muscle stretching are discussed. First, we describe the observations that have been made experimentally, then we introduce the primary proposed mechanisms for force depression and force enhancement. Next, in view of the available results, we critically evaluate specific hypotheses based on these mechanisms. Finally, we recommend further discussion about some of the proposed mechanisms.
Keywords:mechanisms of contraction  history-dependent properties  sarcomere length non-uniformities  actin-myosin interaction  cross-bridge theory
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