| 伊犁新垦区未开发农业土地资源限制性因素评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 张红旗,杨 阳.伊犁新垦区未开发农业土地资源限制性因素评价[J].资源科学,2009,31(12):2009-2015. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张红旗 杨 阳 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所，北京 100101;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所，北京 100101 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑计划课题（编号：2007BAC15B03）；林业科技支撑计划专题（编号：2006BAD26B0204）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 应用3S 技术对伊犁新垦区进行未开发农业土地资源限制性因素评价，结果表明：新垦区现有未开发农业土地29.05×104hm2，其中受到重度限制的土地占到未开发土地的55.86%，总体质量较差。新垦区未来农业土地利用方向应是农牧并举。南岸大渠灌区的主导限制因素为土层厚度和沟壑密度，可在土层薄、沟壑密度大地区发展多年生牧草和饲料，土地质量较好地区发展特早熟棉花、小麦、玉米和甜菜等；伊犁河北岸灌区限制因素主要为沙丘起伏程度、土壤质地和有机质，可适度发展葡萄、玉米、薰衣草、瓜果等，沙丘密布区要坚决退牧还林、灌、草；察布查尔县伊犁河灌区主要受地下水埋深、排水和盐碱限制，可适量发展水稻和苜蓿，防治土地盐渍化；团结和跃进灌区主要受地下水埋深和排水限制，靠近南岸大渠地带可适度发展粮经作物，湿地区则以生态保护为主，不宜开垦。
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| 关 键 词： | 未开发农业土地 限制性因素 评价 3S |
Assessment of Limiting Factors of Undeveloped Agricultural Land over Newly Reclaimed Areas in Yili, Xinjiang |
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| ZHANG Hongqi and YANG Yang.Assessment of Limiting Factors of Undeveloped Agricultural Land over Newly Reclaimed Areas in Yili, Xinjiang[J].Resources Science,2009,31(12):2009-2015. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Hongqi and YANG Yang |
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| Abstract: | The Yili River watershed is considered a potential area for agricultural development with desirable land and water resources. Recently the Ministry of Land and Resource of China has initiated national land consolidation and rehabilitation projects, for which the newly reclaimed area in Yili, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, was selected. However, due to continued development in the past, a majority of the land has been converted into arable land, leading undeveloped land to bear certain characteristics, like relatively thin soil, steep slope, low soil fertility, and sandy texture. If irrational development modes continued, it would inevitably cause a series of eco-environmental problems, such as soil erosion, land desertification and salinization. Therefore, it is particularly urgent to assess different types of constraints associated with agricultural land resources as well as to investigate their spatial distributions for providing meaningful reference for optimal allocation of crops and eventually realizing sustainable development over the study area. Based on GIS, RS and GPS techniques and field investigations , the authors examined in detail current agricultural land resources over newly reclaimed areas in Yili, quantitatively evaluated its limiting factors, i.e., the type, level and spatial distribution, and explored its future scenarios within a framework of sustainable development. Results indicated that the potential area for development is around 29.05×104 hm2 over the study area, with showing poor quality and 55.86% area of land primarily constrained by severe level limiting factors. It was suggested that future agricultural development of this newly reclaimed area consist of agriculture and husbandry. The dominant limiting factors of Nan-an canal irrigation region are soil depth and gully density. Over the area with thin soil and dense gully, it is proper to grow perennial grass and feed, while over high quality land, early ripening of cotton, wheat, maize and sugar beet would be good choices. It was found that in the Yili River northern irrigation, the dominant factors are dune, soil texture and soil organic where grapes, corns, lavender and fruits could be planted. However, over the dense dune area, the current land use should be converted back into pasture land or bushes. In the Chabuchaer Yili River irrigation region, the dominant limiting factors are ground water, drainage and salinization. Therefore proper development of rice and alfalfa could be a good way to prevent and mitigate salinization. In the Tuan-jie irrigation region and Yue-jing irrigation region, the dominant factors are groundwater and drainage. Over the area along the Nan-an Ditch, grains and economic crops could be planted. However, it was indicated that wetland here should be protected and reclamation should be forbidden. |
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| Keywords: | Undeveloped agricultural land Limiting factors Assessment 3S techniques |
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