| 低碳生态城市建设改造技术公众认知研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 毛洪伟,李芬,郭永聪.低碳生态城市建设改造技术公众认知研究[J].资源科学,2012,34(9):1798-1805. |
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| 作者姓名： | 毛洪伟 李芬 郭永聪 |
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| 作者单位： | 深圳市建筑科学研究院有限公司,深圳,518049 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑计划-课题资助:“城市社区绿色化综合改造技术研究与工程示范”(编号:2012BAJ06B03)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 低碳生态城市建设是我国处于城市化快速发展阶段，经济转型的重要举措之一，而对于城市社区既有建筑的绿色改造技术研究是关系到低碳生态城市建设的重要环节。然而现阶段缺乏系统性的低碳生态建设领域的公众认知情况研究和定量化的分析，因此本研究采用问卷调查和半结构式访谈的方法，针对低碳生态城市建设的相关内容、方法和技术，进行低碳生态城建设技术公众认知调查。结果表明，受访者普遍认同低碳生态城市与传统城市规划技术存在差异，认为差异主要存在于控制方式、规划目标、指导思想、信息化手段、规划流程、规划内容、保障体系等方面；认为对于城市片区绿色建筑规模化规划前期需要进行生态诊断与预评估，诊断和评估的对象包括，生态环境、低碳技术条件、能源高效利用与开发潜力、用地适宜性与开发潜力、建设可行性、居民需求和政策条件等方面；大于90％的受访者认为绿色建筑规模化规划评估应该纳入社会人文需求因素，如公共服务设施的便利性、公共空间可达性、社区宜居性、基础设施完备性、居民生活满意度、文脉传承、建筑开放度、就业机会等；27％的受访者认为政府应是低碳社区生态改造的主导者；13．5％的受访者认为是政府应该是社区改造的提倡者，还有少部分（10．8％）的受访者对于政府的定位为资助者。既有社区低碳生态化改造的内涵应包括能源系统改造，环境整治，历史印记保留，建筑物更新保护，拆迁安置等方面的重要内容。对于低碳生态城市的微循环技术体系如微降解、微能源、微冲击、微更生、微交通、微创业、微绿地和微调控等方面也具有一定的认知排序。通过研究结果可清晰地看出下阶段的低碳生态城市建设重点议题和关键方法，以便更好地促进低碳生态城市的可持续发展。
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| 关 键 词： | 既有社区 绿色建筑 低碳生态城市 改造 公众认知 |
Public Awareness of Low Carbon Ecological City Construction |
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| MAO Hongwei,LI Fen and GUO Yongcong.Public Awareness of Low Carbon Ecological City Construction[J].Resources Science,2012,34(9):1798-1805. |
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| Authors: | MAO Hongwei LI Fen and GUO Yongcong |
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| Institution: | Shenzhen Institute of Building Research, Shenzhen 518049, China;Shenzhen Institute of Building Research, Shenzhen 518049, China;Shenzhen Institute of Building Research, Shenzhen 518049, China |
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| Abstract: | Building low carbon eco-cities is an important strategy in economic transitioning and rapid urbanization. Green retrofitting technology targeting existing communities is pivotal; however, there is a lack of research into the public awareness of this technology. We conducted a survey on 29-30 March 2012 on the public awareness of the content, methods and techniques of low carbon eco-city construction. Our questionnaires and semi-structured interviews focused on the three aspects of ‘necessity’, ‘methodology’ and ‘existing problems’. Regarding green building planning and existing community retrofitting, the survey investigated people’s understanding and recognition. Regarding urban microcirculation rebuilding, the survey concentrated on ‘key technology’, ‘micro-circulation theory’, ‘detail technical problem’ and ‘key practices’. There were 141 effective questionnaires recovered out of 160 during the survey period. The results indicate that it is generally agreed that the techniques of low carbon eco-city planning differ from those of conventional urban planning. Differences are believed to exist in control modes, planning objectives, guiding ideology, information means, planning processes, planning details and security systems. De-carbonizing schemes targeting existing communities should include the following five aspects: transformation of energy systems, environmental remediation, historical preservation, architectural renewal and preservation, and resettlement. Over 90% of respondents believed that green building large-scale planning should involve social and human factors such as convenient public service facilities, accessible public spaces, community livability, completeness of infrastructure facilities, life satisfaction, cultural heritage, architecture openness and job opportunities. Nearly three in ten respondents (27%) felt that the government should lead the ecological reconstruction for low-carbon communities, while 13.5% and 10.8% of respondents indicated that government should be advocate and sponsor, respectively. Overall, our findings show that transformed urban development has become a global trend. Low carbon eco-city construction must follow Chinese traditional culture and consider the local circumstances and follow the principle of low environmental impact. Awareness of microcirculation techniques was hierarchical and followed the pattern: micro-degradation, micro-energy, micro-impact, micro-regeneration, micro-transportation, micro-venture, micro-greenland and micro-regulation. |
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| Keywords: | Existed community Green building Low carbon ecological city Construction Public cognition |
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