| 训练理论和训练实践的实质与体系 |
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| 引用本文： | 邓运龙.训练理论和训练实践的实质与体系[J].吉林体育学院学报,2013,29(1):12-18. |
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| 作者姓名： | 邓运龙 |
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| 作者单位： | 八一军体大队科研所,北京,100072 |
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| 基金项目： | 2011年度国家体育总局体育哲学社会科学研究项目,中国特色运动训练理论创新(1609SS11017) |
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| 摘 要： | 提出并研究了训练理论和训练实践的实质与体系。运动项目规律的实质是其项目本质，即项目特性；训练活动规律的实质是其训练个性。其中运动项目规律及其项目特性内在的规定着训练方向，训练活动规律及其训练个性内在的规定着训练方针。认识运动项目规律方法论的核心是“对立统一”原理指导下的矛盾分析法，其中抓项目本质主要是分析运动项目的竞技能力的主要矛盾及其主要矛盾方面；认识训练活动规律及其训练个性主要是分析训练对象的矛盾特殊性，以及在其发展的不同过程与阶段上的特殊性。运动训练的基本体系包括认识运动项目规律与训练活动规律，把握训练方向与训练方针，即以确立训练核心为方向、优化训练行为，从而确立科学的训练观念，进入训练实践。训练实践的实质是具体训练具体施行。在训练过程中，伴随着运动员的疲劳恢复与多学科的训练监控以实现运动员的应激适应生成竞技能力。
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| 关 键 词： | 运动训练理论 运动项目规律 训练活动规律 项目特性 训练个性 训练方向 训练方针 竞技能力 训练行为 训练监控 |
The Essence and System of the Training Theory and Practice |
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| Deng Yunlong.The Essence and System of the Training Theory and Practice[J].Journal of Jilin Institute of Physical Education,2013,29(1):12-18. |
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| Authors: | Deng Yunlong |
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| Institution: | Deng Yunlong(The Research Institute of BaYi Military Sports Brigade,Beijing,100072,China) |
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| Abstract: | This paper puts forward and studies the basic system of training theory and training practice. The essence of the sport e- vent law is related to the sport event law, and the essence of training rules is its training individuality. The sport event law and the individuality of the sport event determine the training direction, while the training rules and training personality determine the training policy. All in all, the core of methodology of sport event principle is the method of contradiction analysis which is based on the principle of the ＂unity of opposites＂. To grasp the competitive ability of a sport event is to analyze the principal contradic- tions and the principal aspects of the contradictions of the sport event. To grasp the training individuality is to analyze the specialty of the training object, and his specialty in different phrase of the training stages. The basic system of sports training includes rec- ognizing sport event principle and training rules, grasping the training direction and the training policy which means carrying out the training practice with the scientific training method of establishing the training direction as the core and optimizing training be- havior as its policy. The essence of the training practice is carrying out training with the individualized training methods. In the training process, with the physical recovery and the multidisciplinary training monitoring, we hope to realize the athletes＇ stress a- daptability and promote the athletes＇ competitive ability. |
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| Keywords: | sports training theory sports event law training activity laws training direction training policy competitive ability training behavior training monitoring |
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