| 北京张坊地区中上元古界中岩溶发育与构造作用 |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘建明 张玉修 曾璐 琚宜文 芮小平 乔小娟 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院, 北京 100049;
2. 中国科学院大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100049 |
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| 基金项目： | 北京岩溶水资源勘查评价工程项目（BJYRS-ZT-03）和中国科学院大学校部教师与研究所科研合作专项（Y552011Y00）资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 张坊岩溶地貌是中国北方岩溶类型的典型代表。分析张坊地区的地层展布与构造变形，探讨地层-构造演化与岩溶发育的关系。研究区主要出露近水平的中上元古界碳酸盐岩夹细碎屑岩和硅质岩，主要经历印支期（或更早期）伸展状态下的固态流变变形、燕山期的逆冲-褶皱变形和房山岩体期后的伸展变形等多期次构造演化，造就了研究区复杂的褶皱、断裂、构造裂隙和岩溶地貌特征。大型溶洞的发育主要与中上元古界的岩性-地层展布、中生代的逆冲断裂和新生代的伸展断裂等地质作用有关。在多阶段沉积-变形等地质作用控制下，发育了中元古代、古生代、中生代和新生代4期古岩溶，形成构造抬升侵蚀溶蚀、构造反转溶蚀冲蚀和多次抬升溶蚀侵蚀等3种主要溶洞发育类型。
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| 关 键 词： | 张坊岩溶区 地层 裂隙 构造演化 岩溶发育 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-11-03 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018-03-23 |
Structure-controlled karst development in Middle-Upper Proterozoic strata in the Zhangfang area in Beijing |
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| Authors: | LIU Jianming ZHANG Yuxiu ZENG Lu JU Yiwen RUI Xiaoping QIAO Xiaojuan |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
2. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
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| Abstract: | The Zhangfang karst area, located in the southwest of the Zhoukoudian structural province in Beijing, is featured by widespread classic North China type karst. In this study, we analyse the characteristics of the Middle-Late Proterozoic stratigraphic distribution and structural deformation in the Zhangfang area, and we discuss the relationship among the structural evolution, stratigraphic distribution, and karst development. In the Zhangfang area, there mainly exposed the subhorizontal Middle-Late Proterozoic carbonate rocks interbeded with fine clastic rocks and siliceous rocks. This area is characterized by the complex folds, faults, structural fractures, and karst landforms as the products of multiphase structural deformations, including the Indosinian (or earlier) solid-state rheological deformation, the Yanshanian thrust-fold deformation, and the postmagmatic extensional deformation related to the Fangshan pluton. The development of large karst cave systems is mainly related to the Middle-Late Proterozoic lithostratigraphic distribution, the Mesozoic thrust-fold systems, and the Cenozoic extensional faults. With the main controlling factors of different sedimentary rocks, subhorizontal strata, and multiphase structural deformation, there developed four stages of paleokarst in Mesoproterozoic, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras in the Zhangfang area. We document there are three erosion types of karst development including structural uplift, structural inversion, and multiphase uplift. |
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| Keywords: | Zhangfang karst area stratigraphy joints structural evolution karst development |
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