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| 模拟“低住高练（LoHi）”对游泳运动员运动能力的影响 | |
| 引用本文： | 高炳宏,步振威,罗惠明,李之俊,崔登荣,王道,石伟慧,马国强,沈存.模拟“低住高练（LoHi）”对游泳运动员运动能力的影响[J].体育科研,2005,26(2):54-60. |
| 作者姓名： | 高炳宏 步振威 罗惠明 李之俊 崔登荣 王道 石伟慧 马国强 沈存 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 上海体育科学研究所,上海,200030 2. 上海游泳队,上海,200000 3. 上海体育学院研究生部,上海,200438 |
| 基金项目： | 上海市体育局局管课题(04JT006) |
| 摘 要： | 目的探讨LoHi训练法对运动员运动能力的影响机制,为LoHi训练法在运动实践中的应用提供理论和实践依据.方法对15名优秀游泳运动员进行2周的LoHi训练,分别于训练前后进行气体代谢、力竭性递增负荷运动能力测试;在训练的整个过程中进行5次专项有氧能力的测试.结果2周LoHi训练后,①男运动员VO2max、VO2max/kg、Vemax和O2-plusemax显著提高(P＜0.05),女运动员无显著性变化(P＞0.05);②力竭性递增负荷运动后,男女运动员运动后的Bla均非常显著的下降(P＜0.01～0.001),男女间无性别差异(P＞0.05);同时运动后Bla的下降率表现为逐渐升高的趋势;③力竭性递增负荷运动中,男运动员Wmax提高了12.7%(P＜0.01),女运动员则提高了6.12%(P＞0.05); Tmax男子提高17.7%(P＜0.05),女子提高7.44%(P＜0.05);④男运动员在2周LoHi训练过程中运动成绩呈升高趋势,Bla呈逐渐下降趋势,训练后7d运动成绩最好,Bla却下降51.9%(P＜0.01);女运动员在训练过程中运动成绩和Bla均呈下降趋势,训练后7d运动成绩最高,18d下降,但Bla均明显低于训练前(P＜0.01).结论两周LoHi训练提高了运动员对负荷的适应能力,特别使运动员的一般有氧能力和专项有氧能力得到明显改善;同时,女运动员对缺氧的适应能力明显低于男子,表现出明显的性别差异. |
| 关 键 词： | 低住高练 游泳 运动能力 |
| 文章编号： | 1006-1207(2005)02-0054-07 |
| 修稿时间： | 2005年3月2日 |
Effects of Simulated LoHi on Swimmers' Performance Ability |
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| GAO Bing-hong,BU Zhen-wei,LUO Hui-ming et al..Effects of Simulated LoHi on Swimmers'''' Performance Ability[J].Sports Science Research,2005,26(2):54-60. | |
| Authors: | GAO Bing-hong BU Zhen-wei LUO Hui-ming |
| Abstract: | Objective: To discuss the effects of LoHi (living low and training high) on swimmers'performance so as to provide theoretical and practical basis for applying LoHi in practice. Method: 15elite swimmers participated in 2-week LoHi. Air metabolism and exhaustive load-increasing perfor-mance ability measurements were taken before and after the training. Result: (1) After 2-week LoHi,male swimmers' VO2max, VO2max/kg, Vemax and O2-plusemax were increased. Female swimmershad no significant change. (2) After exhaustive load-increasing exercise, both male and female swim-mers' Bla decreased significantly. No sexual difference was observed. And the decrease of Blatended to go up slowly. (3) In exhaustive load-increasing exercise, male swimmers' Wmax increasedby 12.7%, and female swimmers by 6.12%. Tmax by 17.7% and 7.44% respectively. (4) During the 2-week LoHi, male swimmers' performance improved and Bla decreased gradually. The performanceability reached the top level 7 days after the training. And Bla decreased by 51.9%. Both the perfor-mance ability and Bla of the female swimmers decreased in training. Their performance ability reachedthe top level 7 days after the training and decreased 18 days after. Bla was significantly lower.Conclusion: 2-week LoHi improved swimmers' ability of adaptation, aerobic capacity and specificaerobic capacity obviously. Female swimmers' ability of adaptation in low oxygen circumstances isobviously lower than the male. |
| Keywords: | LoHi Swimming performance ability |
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