| 青春期笨拙是否存在——青春期不同阶段青少年动作表现的比较研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 李月,米靖,李钰婷.青春期笨拙是否存在——青春期不同阶段青少年动作表现的比较研究[J].武汉体育学院学报,2021,55(12):93-100. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李月 米靖 李钰婷 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 北京体育大学 竞技体育学院, 北京 100084;2. 深圳信息职业技术学院 体育文化研究中心, 广东 深圳 518000;3. 松岗中心小学 体育教研组, 广东 佛山 528000 |
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| 基金项目： | 科技部国家重点研发计划"科技冬奥"专项（2018YFF 0300405）；深圳市人文社会科学重点研究基地成果。 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的:分析青春期前期、中期和后期三个阶段青少年动作发展的趋势及性别差异,验证"青春期笨拙"现象是否存在,为青少年动作表现准确评估与有效训练提供依据。方法:选取处于青春期前期、中期和后期三个阶段的共302名青少年,采用BOT-2SF分别对其动作表现进行测试。测试包含4个维度8个指标:精细动作控制(精细动作准确性、精细动作整合)、手部协调(手灵巧度、上肢协调)、躯干协调(两侧协调、平衡)、力量与敏捷(速度和敏捷、力量)。结果:(1)测试总得分和具体指标(除平衡能力外)得分,阶段主效应显著,且青春期中期优于青春期前期;(2)性别主效应显著的指标有精细动作准确性、手灵巧度、上肢协调和力量;(3)性别和阶段交互效应显著的指标包含手灵巧度、跑步速度和灵敏性。结论:(1)整个青春期阶段男生、女生的动作表现均未呈现出暂时下降的现象,"青春期笨拙"现象并不存在;(2)动作表现在部分阶段的部分指标上存在性别差异。力量和上肢协调性方面,青春期三个阶段中男生都优于女生;精细动作准确性方面,青春期三个阶段中女生优于男生;手灵巧度方面,青春期中期女生优于男生;速度与敏捷方面,青春期后期男生优于女生;手灵巧度方面,青春期后期男生优于女生;(3)性别差异引起的动作表现随青春期的发展而逐渐增大。
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| 关 键 词： | 青春期笨拙 青少年 动作表现 BOT-2SF量表 BOT-2量表 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-02-16 |
Whether Adolescent Awkwardness Exists or Not: A Comparative Study of Motor Performance among Adolescents of Different Ages |
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| LI Yue,MI Jing,LI Yuting.Whether Adolescent Awkwardness Exists or Not: A Comparative Study of Motor Performance among Adolescents of Different Ages[J].Journal of Wuhan Institute of Physical Education,2021,55(12):93-100. |
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| Authors: | LI Yue MI Jing LI Yuting |
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| Institution: | 1. Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport Univ., Beijing 100084, China;2. Sports Culture Research Center, Shenzhen Inst. of Information Tech., Shenzhen 518000, China;3. Dept. of P.E., Songgang Central Primary School, Foshan 528000, China |
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| Abstract: | The objective of this study was to identify the developmental trends and gender differences in motor performance and coordination across three stages of development: pre-pubertal, pubertal and post-pubertal so as to identify whether adolescent awkwardness existed or not, and to provide basis for the accurate evaluation and effective training of the adolescent motor performance. 302 adolescents, aged from 8 to 18, were selected and tested with Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-2 short form(BOT-2SF). The results showed that the total score and the specific indicators of all tests, the main effect of the stage was significant. All indicators in the puberty were better than those in pre-puberty. The indicators with significant main effect of gender included precision movement accuracy, hand dexterity, upper limb coordination and strength. The indicators with significant interaction effect of gender and stage included hand dexterity, running speed and agility. It could be concluded that there was no evidence of impaired coordination or awkwardness at puberty for either boys or girls. Therefore, "adolescent awkwardness" might not exist. Gender differences existed in some motor performances of some stages. In pre-puberty, boys were better than girls only in strength and upper-limb coordination, girls were better than boys in fine motor precision, and there was no gender difference in other indicators. In puberty, boys were better than girls in strength and upper-limb coordination, girls were better than boys in fine motor precision and manual dexterity. Post-pubertal boys were better than boys in strength, upper-limb coordination and speed and agility. Girls were better than boys in fine motor precision and manual dexterity. Gender differences in motor performance increased with puberty. The gender difference of movement performance in different stages of puberty was related to the law of physical and mental health development of male and female adolescents, as well as the social expectation,family upbringing and sports participation. |
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| Keywords: | adolescent awkwardness youth motor performance BOT-2SF BOT-2 |
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