| 优秀田径运动员奥运周期竞技状态变化特征研究 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 陈亮,田麦久.优秀田径运动员奥运周期竞技状态变化特征研究[J].中国体育科技,2012,48(5):10-15,35. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 陈亮 田麦久 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1. 台州学院体育科学学院,浙江临海,317000
2. 北京体育大学,北京,100084 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金资助项目，江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目 |
| |
| 摘 要： | 在竞技极值化和多赛制的背景下,优秀田径运动员奥运周期竞技状态变化愈加复杂,而把握不同项目奥运周期竞技状态的变化趋势有利于实现获得理想奥运成绩这一目标。统计发现,在4种基本类型中,除投掷类波动型所占比例大于平稳型外,其余各类项目均表现为上升型>平稳型>波动型>下降型。其中,平稳型中除超长类,其余5类项目均保持年度内状态的稳定;在上升型中的第1年成绩较低、稳定性较高,状态升高可以在之后的任意一年出现,且第4年稳定性较低;下降型主要在投掷类中出现,年内状态的稳定性与成绩水平相反;波动型中绝大多数在第2或第3年出现竞技状态低谷,第4年成绩较好但稳定性较低。总体而言,投掷类项目的变化类型最多,结构也最为复杂,对教练员和运动员的竞技状态调控能力和艺术提出了更高的要求,其后依次为跳跃类、短跨类、全能类、中长类和超长类。
|
| 关 键 词： | 田径 优秀运动员 奥运周期 竞技状态 |
Study on the Characteristics of Athletic State Variation of Elite Track and Field Athletes in the Olympic Games Cycle |
| |
| CHEN Liang
,
TIAN Mai-jiu.Study on the Characteristics of Athletic State Variation of Elite Track and Field Athletes in the Olympic Games Cycle[J].China Sport Science and Technology,2012,48(5):10-15,35. |
| |
| Authors: | CHEN Liang TIAN Mai-jiu |
| |
| Institution: | 100084 1.Taizhou University,Linhai 317000,China;2.Beijing Sports University,Beijing 100084,China. |
| |
| Abstract: | In the context of athletic extreme and multi-game system,athletic state of elite track and field athletes in the Olympic Games cycle is increasingly complex,and to master the different project cycle of athletic state variation trend is helpful to realize the goal of ideal Olympic performance.With the method of statistics,the results showed that,in the four basic types,in addition that wave type of throwing items account for much more proportion than its steady type,the rest of the various projects is rising type> steady type> wave type> descent type.As to steady type,the remaining five categories of projects all maintained the stability of the state within the year except super long projects;in the first years of rising type performs lower scores and higher stability,state will increase in any year after that and stability is lower in the fourth year;descent type mainly appears on throwing items and the stability of the state for the year is contrary to the achievement levels;for the wave type,the vast majority of projects perform athletic state trough in the second or third year and it will appear such phenomenon like better performance but lower stability in the fourth year.Overall,throwing events have the most variation types and the most complex structure,so there is a higher demand for coaches and athletes to improve regulatory capacity and arts of athletic state,followed by jumping class,short span class,all-around projects,medium and long projects,super long projects. |
| |
| Keywords: | elite track and field athletes Olympic Games cycle athletic state |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 万方数据 等数据库收录！ |
|
