| 中外海上风电发展形势和政策比较研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘玉新,郭越,黄超.中外海上风电发展形势和政策比较研究[J].科技管理研究,2023(8):65-70. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘玉新 郭越 黄超 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 国家海洋技术中心;2. 国家海洋信息中心 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社会科学基金重大项目“基于海洋强国战略目标的海洋经济统计核算、监测与评价体系研究”（21&ZD155）; |
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| 摘 要： | 采用比较分析方法,对始于20世纪90年代初、近10年得到大力发展的海上风电产业的中外发展形势、政策焦点和异同进行分析。从全球来看,海上风电具有发电能力迅速提升、欧亚地区形成集聚,并伴随着技术创新逐渐向深远海布局的特征;中国自“十二五”时期海上风电产业规模爆发式增长,产业布局加速调整,在沿海地区形成产业集群,机组容量持续提升,项目建设成本逐步降低。从行政管控、发展规划、价格和财税政策、空间布局和科研支撑等方面比较总结中国海上风电产业在宏观调控、技术创新、项目经济性、空间布局、运维保障等方面面临的问题,提出以海洋资源节约集约利用为本,以自主创新为动力,持续完善政策措施和管理制度,通过适度补贴、产业融合促进海上风电产业可持续发展的思路。
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| 关 键 词： | 海上风电 产业政策 财税政策 可再生能源 中外比较 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022/9/6 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2023/5/10 0:00:00 |
Development Situation and Policy Comparative Study of Offshore Wind in China and Abroad |
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| Abstract: | As the global marine environment is still in a severe state, clean energy, as a substitute for fossil energy such as coal and oil, has been highly valued by international organizations and countries, while offshore wind boasts notable advantages in producing green power. In the past 30 years, offshore wind in the world, particularly in the Eurasian region, has developed rapidly, and it has been moving into deeper waters along with technological advances. China"s offshore wind has ranked first in the world after nearly ten years of development, with industrial clusters formed in coastal areas, continuously improved installed capacity, and reduced cost of project construction. This paper adopts a comparative analysis method to study the development, policy focus, similarities and differences of offshore wind in China and abroad, and through field investigation, sorts out and summarizes the problems faced by China"s offshore wind power industry in terms of macro-control, technological innovation, cost-effectiveness, spatial layout, operation and maintenance, and sets out that the sustainable development of offshore wind power should be achieved by focusing on the economical and intensive utilization of marine resources, taking independent innovation as the growth driver, improving policy measures and management systems, and working towards proper subsidies and industrial integration. |
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| Keywords: | offshore wind development situation policy analysis development planning fiscal and tax policies |
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