| 冰冻圈灾害特征、影响及其学科发展展望 |
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| 引用本文： | 王世金,温家洪.冰冻圈灾害特征、影响及其学科发展展望[J].中国科学院院刊,2020,35(4):523-530. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王世金 温家洪 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室 兰州 730000;上海师范大学 环境与地理科学学院 上海 200234 |
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| 摘 要： | 冰冻圈灾害包括陆地冰冻圈灾害、海洋冰冻圈灾害和大气冰冻圈灾害,冰冻圈灾害分布广泛,对社会造成的损失和影响巨大。气候变暖导致冰冻圈灾害的发生频率和强度越来越高,使冰冻圈及其影响地区消除贫困、气候变化减缓与适应,以及经济社会可持续发展面临严峻挑战。早期,冰冻圈灾害学主要以单灾种的致灾事件、灾害影响和防治研究为主,且多集中于雪崩、冰湖溃决和冰川泥石流灾害。20世纪80年代以来,冰冻圈灾害学研究范畴扩大,冻土灾害、海冰灾害、冰凌灾害等得到广泛关注和深入研究。近10年,伴随冰冻圈科学体系的建立、完善,冰冻圈灾害学学科体系正在孕育发展,且在冰冻圈灾害风险、影响与适应方面进展显著。基于已有研究,文章详细阐述了冰冻圈灾害学学科内涵,评述了冰冻圈灾害时空特征及其综合影响,进而提出了未来冰冻圈灾害学学科建设和发展的建议。
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| 关 键 词： | 冰冻圈灾害 学科建设 未来展望 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/3/24 0:00:00 |
Characteristics, Influence of Cryosphere Disaster and Prospect of Discipline Development |
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| WANG Shijin,WEN Jiahong.Characteristics, Influence of Cryosphere Disaster and Prospect of Discipline Development[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2020,35(4):523-530. |
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| Authors: | WANG Shijin WEN Jiahong |
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| Institution: | State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China |
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| Abstract: | Cryosphere disasters include continental cryosphere disaster, marine cryosphere disaster, and aerial cryosphere disasters and these disasters are widespread and have caused great loss and influence. With the increasing frequency and intensity of cryosphere disasters caused by climate warming, the cryosphere region faces severe challenges in poverty eradication, climate change mitigation and adaptation, and sustainable economic and social development. Early cryosphere disaster studies mainly focus on the disaster events, disaster effects, and prevention of single disaster, concentrating on avalanche, glacial lake outburst, and glacier debris flow disasters. Since the 1980s, the research scope of cryosphere disaster science is gradually expanding, some of cryosphere disaster received extensive attention and further research such as permafrost disasters, sea ice disasters, and ice jam/flood disaster. In recent 10 years, with the establishment and improvement of cryosphere science system, the discipline system of cryosphere disaster science is developing and making significant progress in cryosphere disaster risk, impact and adaptation. Based on previous studies, this paper elaborates on the connotation of cryosphere disaster science, reviews the spatiotemporal characteristics of cryosphere disaster and its comprehensive influence, and then puts forward some suggestions on the construction and development of cryosphere disaster science in the future. |
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| Keywords: | cryosphere disaster discipline construction future prospect |
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