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重视土壤中微塑料污染研究 防范生态与食物链风险
引用本文:骆永明,周倩,章海波,潘响亮,涂晨,李连祯,杨杰.重视土壤中微塑料污染研究 防范生态与食物链风险[J].中国科学院院刊,2018,33(10):1021-1030.
作者姓名:骆永明  周倩  章海波  潘响亮  涂晨  李连祯  杨杰
作者单位:中国科学院南京土壤研究所中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室;中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室;中国科学院大学资源与环境学院;浙江农林大学环境与资源学院浙江省土壤污染生物修复重点实验室;浙江工业大学环境学院
摘    要:海洋微塑料污染作为新型环境问题受到全球重视。相对地,土壤特别是农用地微塑料污染尚未引起广泛关切。文章综述了土壤中微塑料的来源、积累、降解、迁移及其生态环境和食物链的潜在风险等方面的研究进展,提出了相关的加强研究和监管对策建议。文章指出,农用地膜破碎、有机肥施用、污水灌溉、污泥农用、大气沉降以及地表径流等已成为土壤中微塑料的来源,可能导致土壤—食用性作物中微塑料积累和影响土壤生物行为。文章认为,对于进入土壤中的微塑料的存在形态、迁移、降解及其环境风险,在动植物中的积累及其生物生态、食物链的风险,进而对人体健康的风险等都还缺乏研究与了解;对如何加强土壤微塑料污染防控和修复,也缺乏探讨与意识。因而,文章提出要重视土壤中微塑料污染研究,以防范生态与食物链风险;并建议未来我国应加快土壤微塑料分析方法的建立,尽快部署开展土壤环境微塑料污染与治理研究,探明微塑料、添加物质及其降解产物在土壤环境中的积累、释放、转化及其生态环境效应,评估微塑料及其复合污染物对土壤生态系统、食物链和人体健康的风险,建立土壤微塑料污染的源头管控和修复技术体系,为土壤及陆地生态系统微塑料污染监管和治理提供科学依据和技术支撑。

关 键 词:微塑料  土壤  环境行为  复合污染  生态和食物链风险  监管和修复
收稿时间:2018/10/6 0:00:00

Pay Attention to Research on Microplastic Pollution in Soil for Prevention of Ecological and Food Chain Risks
LUO Yongming,ZHOU Qian,ZHANG Haibo,PAN Xiangliang,TU Chen,LI Lianzhen and YANG Jie.Pay Attention to Research on Microplastic Pollution in Soil for Prevention of Ecological and Food Chain Risks[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2018,33(10):1021-1030.
Authors:LUO Yongming  ZHOU Qian  ZHANG Haibo  PAN Xiangliang  TU Chen  LI Lianzhen and YANG Jie
Institution:CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China;College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China,CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China;College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China,CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation, School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forest University, Hangzhou 311300, China,College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China,CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China,CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China;College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China and CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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