| 苹果属花粉形态特征及其分类学和进化意义 |
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| 引用本文： | 贺超兴,徐炳声.苹果属花粉形态特征及其分类学和进化意义[J].中国科学院研究生院学报,1991,29(5):445-451. |
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| 作者姓名： | 贺超兴 徐炳声 |
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| 摘 要： | 本文用扫描电镜观察了苹果属Malus 26种及5个杂种的花粉形态，描述了外壁纹饰形态特征的
变化类型，并对其进化趋势作了推论，指出外壁纹饰类型具属内分组意义。苹果属花粉在形状。大小、沟孔位置及数量、外壁纹饰等方面都十分相似。外壁纹饰的主要演化趋势可能是：由密的细条纹型到具有穿孔的、较少条纹型。杂种的外壁纹饰对于判断亲本种的关系有一定意义，属内种间的杂合导致了多倍体种、新变种、栽培种的大量出现，甚至是新种产生的方式。
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| 关 键 词： | 苹果属 花粉形态 分类 |
Pollen Morphology of the Genus Malus and Its Taxonomic and Evolutionary Significance |
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| He Chao-Xing,Hsu Ping-Sheng.Pollen Morphology of the Genus Malus and Its Taxonomic and Evolutionary Significance[J].Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,1991,29(5):445-451. |
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| Authors: | He Chao-Xing Hsu Ping-Sheng |
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| Abstract: | The pollen morphology of 26 species and 5 hybrids of the genus Malus was in-
vestigated with aid of SEM. It is found that the pollen morphology of Malus is rather simi-
lar in shape, size, position and number of aperture and exine sculpture. The characters of
polle morphology of sections and series are as follows: Sect. Malus Ser. Baccatae: Striae regu-
lar, parallel to colpi, and conjunct at pole; Ser. Pumilae: the same as in Ser. Baccatae, but
more or less curved near pole.
Sect. Docyniopes: Striae regular and parallel to colpi, but bent near pole.
Sect. Chloromeles: Striae irregular, dense and interlock.
Sect. Sorbormalus: Striae irregular, sparse and not interlock.
Ser. Sieboldiance: pollen grains prolate, with perforation among striae, colpi narrow;
Ser. Kansuenses: Pollen grains spheroidal, colpi wide in the middle but narrow at both ends,
striae relatively dense and regular, mostly dichotomous, perforation present; Ser.
Yunnanenses; Pollen grain spheroidae, colpi wide in the middle but narrow at both ends,
striae obviously irregular, less dichotomous, perforation absent. The major evolutionary
trend of exine sculpture of pollen may be from densely thin-striate to sparsely striate with
perforation. Characters of the exine sculpture of hybrids can be used to recognize the rela-tionship between the parental species. |
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| Keywords: | Malus Pollen morphology Classification |
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