| 国产十种乌头的染色体研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 商效民,李正理.国产十种乌头的染色体研究[J].中国科学院研究生院学报,1984,22(5):378-385. |
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| 作者姓名： | 商效民 李正理 |
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| 作者单位： | (北京大学生物系，北京) |
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| 摘 要： | 本文描述了我国产毛茛科乌头属的10个种的染色体数目和形态。 根据该属染色体基 数为8(x＝8)，可将这些种归为二倍体、四倍体、六倍体和八倍体种。 10种乌头的染色体在数目、大小、结构上表现出相关性。其中具根状茎而多年生的种多为二倍体，染色体形态较大，第3-7号多为近端着丝点(st)染色体, 具块茎而二年生的种多为多倍体，染色体形态较小，第3-7号多为近中着丝点(sm)染色体。染色体演化方向可能是二倍体→多倍体、大→ 小、st→sm。这进一步证明根状茎种较块茎种原始。根据染色体数目和形态，又可将这些种的染色体分为两类。这进一步支持了目前分类学上的牛扁亚属和乌头亚属的划分。本文还讨论了这些种的有关分类问题。
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| 关 键 词： | 乌头属 牛扁亚属 乌头亚属 核型 染色体演化 |
Chromosome Studies of 10 Species of Aconitum in China |
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| Shang Xiao-Min,Lee Cheng-Lee.Chromosome Studies of 10 Species of Aconitum in China[J].Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,1984,22(5):378-385. |
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| Authors: | Shang Xiao-Min Lee Cheng-Lee |
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| Institution: | (Department of Biology, Peking University, Beijing) |
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| Abstract: | This paper deals with chromosomal numbers and morphology of 10 species
of Aconitum in China. According to the basic number of the genus (x=8), these spe-
cies can be referred to diploid, tetraploid, hexaploid and octoploid. Correlation is found
between chromosomal numbers, sizes and structures. The perennial species with a rhizome
are mostly diploid, with chromosomes larger than those in the biennial species with a
tuber, and their chromosome pairs 3-7 are mostly subterminal ones, whereas most
biennial species are polyploid, and their chromosome pairs 3-7 are almost submetacen-
tric. The evolutionary trends of chromosome from diploid to polyploid, large to small,
st to sm are considered possible. The data are agreed with the idea that rhizomal species
are more primitive than tuberous ones. The existence of two types of karyotypes in
these 10 species is a further support of taxonomic division of two subgenera, subgen.
Paraconitum and subgen. Aconitum. In addition, some species are taxonomically dis-
cussed. |
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| Keywords: | Gen Aconitum Subgen Paraconitum Aconitum Karyotype Chromosomal evolution |
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