| 国家科技重大专项知识产权育成机制研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 方曦,尤宇,刘云.国家科技重大专项知识产权育成机制研究[J].科研管理,2022,43(12):14-23. |
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| 作者姓名： | 方曦 尤宇 刘云 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.上海应用技术大学 经济与管理学院，上海201418；
2.中国科学院大学 公共政策与管理学院，北京100049 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划资助项目：“科技成果与数据资源产权交易技术”（2017YFB1401100，2017.12—2020.12）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 国家科技重大专项全创新链的知识产权育成是切实提高我国关键核心技术领域自主创新能力的核心问题。由于国家科技重大专项参与主体多且内部因素和外部环境的叠加作用呈现非线性特征，导致知识产权的育成绩效较低。为此，文章首先提出全创新链下国家科技重大专项知识产权育成机制的概念模型，以知识产权育成过程中的关键要素识别为切入点，深入研究国家科技重大专项全创新链与知识产权育成阶段之间的耦合关系。其次，通过分析影响国家科技重大专项知识产权育成的内部因素和外部环境因素，提炼影响知识产权育成的关键要素。最后，利用系统动力学建立起知识产权育成机制的因果回路图与流图，并将知识产权的育成系统分为四个子系统：技术标准制定子系统、专利育成子系统、创新收益子系统和外界环境影响效应子系统，剖析国家科技重大专项全创新链知识产权育成机理。对于设计科技重大专项知识产权育成有效路径与制定相关政策，增加核心自主知识产权数量，提升我国自主创新能力，促进核心自主知识产权成果转化具有非常重要的意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 创新链 知识产权 育成机制 系统动力学 国家科技重大专项 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-05-10 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021-01-16 |
Research on the intellectual property cultivation mechanism of China′s nationalscience and technology major projects |
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| Fang Xi,You Yu,Liu Yun.Research on the intellectual property cultivation mechanism of China′s nationalscience and technology major projects[J].Science Research Management,2022,43(12):14-23. |
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| Authors: | Fang Xi You Yu Liu Yun |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Economics and Management, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China;
2. School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; |
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| Abstract: | National science and technology major projects strive to master a number of core key technologies related to international people′s livelihood and national security, and its core task is the development of strategic products with independent intellectual property rights. Full use of the intellectual property system can provide support for protecting scientific and technological innovation achievements, promoting the transfer and application of intellectual property, and cultivating and developing strategic emerging industries. To this end, the Ministry of Science and Technology and other four national ministries and commissions jointly formulated the Interim Provisions on the Management of Intellectual Property Rights for national science and technology major projects, which set clear requirements for intellectual property work in project application, project evaluation, contract signing, process management, and acceptance. However, the national science and technology major projects have the characteristics of many participants, a long research period and easy to be affected by the external environment and internal factors. It is a key scientific issue in the field of intellectual property to run the intellectual property cultivation management through the whole innovation chain of national science and technology major projects, realizing the dual effects of promoting innovation with intellectual property rights and the output of more intellectual property rights with innovation.Existing literature mostly focuses on the influencing factors, mechanisms and protection of intellectual property rights. Some scholars have conducted research on issues related to major national science and technology special intellectual property rights, but most of them focus on the ownership and distribution of intellectual property achievements, and there are few researches on the cultivation of major national science and technology special intellectual property rights. Taking into account the characteristics of national science and technology major projects, how to show the intellectual property incubation process in the entire innovation chain is particularly important, and it is necessary to thoroughly study its cultivation mechanism and evolution mechanism.Therefore, the paper first proposes a conceptual model of the intellectual property rights cultivation mechanism for national science and technology major projects under the innovation chain based on synergetics and system theory, and uses the identification of key elements in the intellectual property cultivation process as an entry point to the in-depth study of the coupling relationship of the entire innovation chain of national science and technology major projects with intellectual property cultivation stage. Secondly, through collecting relevant national policies and combining them with the major and special intellectual property rights cultivation process, theoretical elaboration is carried out to establish a theoretical basis for constructing the model. Thirdly, analyzing the internal factors and external environmental factors that affect the cultivation of major national science and technology special intellectual property rights, refines the key elements that affect the cultivation of intellectual property rights. On the basis of extracting key elements, this paper uses system dynamics to establish the causal circuit diagram and flow diagram of the intellectual property cultivation mechanism, and divides the intellectual property cultivation system into four subsystems: the technical standard formulation subsystem, patent cultivation subsystem, innovation revenue subsystem and external environmental impact effect subsystem, to analyze the intellectual property rights cultivation mechanism for the entire innovation. Finally, in response to major special intellectual property rights issues, some suggestions were made in this paper from five aspects strengthening government control, forming a technical standard system, promoting the industrialization of results, creating a good market environment, and exploring full-process management. This research is of great significance for designing an effective path for the cultivation of major scientific and technological special intellectual property rights, realizing precise government policies, and increasing the number of core independent intellectual property rights, thereby enhancing China′s independent innovation capabilities and breaking through foreign blockades on key core technologies. |
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| Keywords: | innovation chain intellectual property cultivation mechanism system dynamics national major science and technology project |
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