| 基于新型研发机构的知识转移逻辑 |
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| 引用本文： | 基于新型研发机构的知识转移逻辑.基于新型研发机构的知识转移逻辑[J].科学学研究,2022,40(4):665-673. |
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| 作者姓名： | 基于新型研发机构的知识转移逻辑 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院;2. ; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 新型研发机构是响应科技创新和科研组织范式变革的新事物，以创新的组织模式和机构形态构建了知识转移的新逻辑，有效促进了知识的转移和应用。文章通过多案例研究，探索分析了新型研发机构推动知识转移的内在机理。研究结果显示：（1）新型研发机构构建了面向市场的知识价值识别功能，提升了知识识别的动力和能力；（2）新型研发机构发展了基于应用场景的知识加工功能，形成了以专业团队、设备和平台为支撑的知识加工能力；（3）新型研发机构构建了促进知识显性化的功能，降低了知识的嵌入性和缄默性，提升了知识传播的效率；（4）新型研发机构完善了服务知识接收者应用知识的功能，降低了知识接收者利用新知识的风险。研究结论对于国家探索新型科研组织模式，深化科技体制改革，促进科技与经济深度融合发展提供了思路和理论支撑。
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| 收稿时间： | 2020-11-30 |
Knowledge transfer logic based on innovative R&D institutions |
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| Abstract: | With the emergence and accelerated evolution of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial change, the disciplinary composition system of contemporary science and technology has become more and more complex, and scientific research activities across traditional boundaries have become the growth point of the new contemporary scientific and technological revolution. At the same time, the global economic landscape has entered a period of deep adjustment, science and technology has become the main force driving economic and social development. The superposition of the demands of science and technology development and the urgent requirements of economic development for science and technology support, coupled with the support of digital infrastructure and conditions, science and technology innovation activities continue to break through the boundaries of geography, organization and technology, thus promoting the rise of new research organizations with integrated functions for industry, of which new R&D institutions are typical representatives. In response to the innovation and research organization paradigm shift, innovative R&D institute construct the logic of knowledge transfer with new organizational patterns and institutional forms.
Based on four typical cases, namely, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen established mainly by universities, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology of Chinese Academy of Sciences established led by research institutes, Shenzhen Institute of Beidou Applied Technology set up by enterprises, and Peng Cheng Laboratory led by the government, explores the inner mechanism of how innovative R&D institutions can promote the efficiency of knowledge transfer through new functional design. Due to the reticence and embeddedness of knowledge, knowledge transfer is a complex process, as it is divided into knowledge identification, knowledge processing, knowledge dissemination and knowledge application. A research framework with the knowledge transfer process as the main line is established, focusing on the analysis of the internal organization mechanism of innovative R&D institutions based on knowledge in the transfer process and the interaction mechanism with each subject of knowledge transfer in the four stages of knowledge transfer. The results show that innovative R&D institute promote the efficiency of knowledge transfer significantly by playing the following ways. (1) The innovative R&D institutions construct the market-oriented knowledge value identification function and enhance the motivation and capability of knowledge identification. (2) The innovative R&D institutions develop the knowledge processing function based on application scenarios and form the knowledge processing capability supported by professional teams, equipment and platforms. (3) The innovative R&D institutions construct the function of promoting knowledge manifestation, reduce the embeddedness and reticence of knowledge and enhance the efficiency of knowledge dissemination. (4) The innovative R&D institutions improve the function of serving knowledge recipients to apply knowledge and reduce the risk of using new knowledge by knowledge recipients.
Based on the findings of the study, the following policy recommendations are put forward. First, the development orientation of innovative R&D institutions should be clarified, and they should be guided to carry out industry-oriented knowledge transfer activities. Second, encourage and support innovative R&D institutions to develop around the knowledge transfer function and carry out innovations in organization mode, management mechanism, incentive mechanism and operation mode. Third, according to the difference between innovative R&D institutions and traditional research organizations, precise policies should be formulated according to the characteristics of innovative R&D institutions. |
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