| 集聚、全要素生产率与产业增长 |
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| 引用本文： | 卢飞,刘明辉,孙元元.集聚、全要素生产率与产业增长[J].科学学研究,2018,36(9):1575-1584. |
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| 作者姓名： | 卢飞 刘明辉 孙元元 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 武汉大学
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| 摘 要： | 集聚经济会产生集聚效应或拥塞效应，存在规模经济和范围经济两种形式。本文以集聚效应和拥塞效应为切入点，结合C-D生产函数和Arrow设定的CES函数，通过在生产函数中引入集聚技术进步和集聚时间成本系数，得出集聚效应和拥塞效应会通过影响全要素生产率或劳动投入等作用于产业增长。据此，本文选取代表规模经济和范围经济的专业化集聚指数和多样化集聚指数，借助面板模型固定效应和系统GMM模型实证研究了集聚与产业增长的关系。结果表明：第一，专业化在产业集聚初期会推动集聚区产业增长，但是在集聚后期会由于拥塞效应的影响而发展受阻。多样化则具有某种“自治”能力，在期初，由于区位空间布局不合理、谈判、交易成本企高等原因，在集聚区成熟后会推动经济较快发展，二者具有互补性；第二，专业化和多样化均会通过发挥规模经济和范围经济提升产业全要素生产率，且均成“U”型，而稳健性部分的检验更突出了范围经济对全要素生产率的提拉效力；第三，专业化经济仍是目前我国产业集聚的主导路径，多样化经济在一些地方作用效率开始抬升。
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| 收稿时间： | 2017-09-26 |
Agglomeration,TFP and Industrial Growth——The Empirical Analysis Based on Industrial Data |
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| Abstract: | Agglomeration economies will produce agglomeration effect or congestion effect,which including economies of scale and scope two forms.The article select agglomeration effect and congestion effect as the breakthrough point,combined with Combined with C-D production function and CES function setted withArrow,we introduce agglomeration into production function to influence TFP and labors,which puts forward that agglomeration effect or congestion effect would have influence on industrial growth by influencing TFP or labors.On this basis,we use specialization index and diversity index as agglomeration economies of scale and scope,then we use fixed effect panel model and system GMM model to research the relationship between agglomeration and industrial growth.The results shows that,firstly,at the beginning of the process of agglomeration,economies of scale(specialization index)has a great push on industrial growth,but it will hindered by congestion effects caused by over-agglomerate.however,economies of scope has ability to cure the hardships during the beginnings while the costs is very high,it will promote industrial development,the two have complementary advantages.Secondly,specialization and diversity index could promote TFP through agglomeration economies of scale and scope,which formed inverted “U”,robustness test more highlights the agglomeration economies of scope.Thirdly,agglomeration economies of scale still be the dominant path of industry cluster in our country, diversified economyrising in some places. |
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