| 科研道德失范行为的经济学解读 |
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| 引用本文： | 贾宝余,刘红.科研道德失范行为的经济学解读[J].科学学研究,2013,31(6). |
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| 作者姓名： | 贾宝余 刘红 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院大学人文学院,北京,100049 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院服务国家宏观决策的科技支持系统 |
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| 摘 要： | 从经济学的视角探讨了科研道德失范行为的产生原因和治理途径。运用经济学的经典理论解释了个人和组织在科研活动中如何进行选择和决策;运用行为经济学的展望理论解释了科技工作者通过各种手段提升自己声誉的努力,并运用锚定效应、诱饵效应和金钱悖论分别阐释了科研不端行为的发生机制;运用信息经济学的委托-代理理论分析了国家宏观科研管理体制和科研项目运作方式中易于出现的逆向选择和道德风险问题;运用科学经济学的观点分析了科研活动中"胜者全得"和"马太效应"对科学家的影响;运用制度经济学中的制度变迁和路径锁定理论讨论了国家科研诚信制度建设和管理体制改革中存在的问题。
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| 关 键 词： | 科研道德失范 学术不端行为 经济学 根源 政策 |
Economics-based analysis on the scientific misconduct |
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| Abstract: | The reasons and the handling ways for the scientific misconduct from the economic point of view are discussed.In light of the classical economic theories,the behaviors and decisions of individuals and organizations in scientific research activities are explained.In terms of the prospect theory in economics the efforts of scientists in promoting their academic reputation through various means are explained,and the mechanisms leading to the scientific misconduct are discussed by means of the anchoring effect,the bait effect and the money paradox.In addition,the adverse selection and moral hazard in national scientific research macroscopic management system and projects are analyzed by the principal-agent theory.The influences of "The winner will all be" and "Matthew effect" on the scientists are discussed on the basis of the science economics,and the problems in the construction of national scientific integrity system and research and development management system are addressed according to the theory of institutional change and path lock in institutional economics. |
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| Keywords: | anomy of scientific ethics scientific misconduct economics reasons policy |
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