| 非洲内罗毕城市变化的遥感监测与驱动因子分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 焦文哲,刘荣高,葛全胜.非洲内罗毕城市变化的遥感监测与驱动因子分析[J].资源科学,2013,35(4):885-891. |
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| 作者姓名： | 焦文哲 刘荣高 葛全胜 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院,北京,100083
2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京,100101 |
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| 基金项目： | 气象行业专项项目:“卫星遥感全球下垫面类型数据集研制”(编号:GYHY201106014);中国科学院“一三五”战略科技计划重点项目:“近三十年非洲大陆遥感参数反演与生态环境动态变化分析”(编号:2012SJ004);国家973计划项目:“全球不同区域陆地生态系统碳源汇演变驱动机制与优化计算研究”(编号:2010CB950701)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 作为肯尼亚的首都,内罗毕是非洲发展最快的城市之一.本文研究了内罗毕市1988年-2010年城市建成区空间扩展情况.利用1988年Landsat TM、2000年Landsat ETM+以及2010年Landsat TM数据,采用主成分分析与混合分类的方法,提取了1988年-2000年、2000年-2010年、1988年-2010年内罗毕土地覆盖空间变化数据,并分析了城市用地面积扩展的驱动因素.分析结果表明,内罗毕从1988年到2010年总共扩展了141.24km2,扩展面积为1988年城市建成区面积的1.27倍,其中1988年到2000年扩展了60.03km2,2000年到2010年扩展了81.21km2.城市建成区所侵占的地类主要是荒草地和林地,城市建成区的扩展方向是以东西方向为主,并沿着主要交通路线的方向扩展.人口和经济快速增长、便利的交通、地质地形、政府政策是内罗毕城市扩展的驱动因素.
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| 关 键 词： | 城市变化 遥感 主成分分析 驱动因素 内罗毕 |
The Urban Expansion of Nairobi City |
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| JIAO Wenzhe,LIU Ronggao and GE Quansheng.The Urban Expansion of Nairobi City[J].Resources Science,2013,35(4):885-891. |
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| Authors: | JIAO Wenzhe LIU Ronggao and GE Quansheng |
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| Institution: | College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering, CUMTB, Beijing 100083, China;College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering, CUMTB, Beijing 100083, China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China |
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| Abstract: | Nairobi is one of the fastest developing cities in Africa and urban areas are growing rapidly. Using remote-sensing to detect multi-temporal change, multispectral imagery has been developed over several decades;however, it is still difficult to select a suitable change-detection method, especially in urban areas. Here, we present a method using multi-temporal data to detect land-use change in an urban environment based on principal-component analysis (PCA) and hybrid classification methods. Three Landsat images (one scene of TM images in 1988, one scene of ETM in 2000 and one scene of TM in 2010) were used to explore the urban expansion of Nairobi City from 1988 to 2000. The results show that the built-up area has increased 141.24km2 from 1988 to 2010, 60.03km2 from 1988 to 2000 and 81.21km2 from 2000 to 2010. The total built-up area in 2010 was 1.27 times of that in 1988. Urban expansion has been accompanied by a loss of forests and urban sprawl. Rapid population growth, traffic infrastructure,government policies,and topographical and geological factors may be the driving this fast expansion. The road network has influenced the spatial patterns and structure of urban development, so that the expansion of the built-up areas has assumed an accretive as well as linear growth along the major roads. Analysis of urban sprawl directions and land use conversions indicates that deliberate planning is largely lacking in Nairobi's urbanization process, and that the general urban planning principles encoded in various laws and local government regulations have not been adhered to or enforced. The environmental and social consequences of a rapidly growing population in a poorly planned urban system have been dramatic. A better understanding of the spatial and temporal dynamics of this city 's growth will form the basis for better planning, understanding of the sustainable development situation and effective spatial organization of future development. |
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| Keywords: | Urban change Remote sensing Principal-component analysis(PCA) Driving forces Nairobi |
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