| 宁夏平原区耗水量研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵勇,裴源生,张金萍.宁夏平原区耗水量研究[J].资源科学,2006,28(4):177-183. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵勇 裴源生 张金萍 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国水利水电科学研究院水资源研究所,北京,100044 |
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| 基金项目： | 科技部科技攻关项目西部开发科技行动 |
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| 摘 要： | 由于地表地下水转换频繁、生产和生态耗水难以区分、当地降雨与外来水彼此混合、引排水量测算不清等因素，导致宁夏平原区耗水量难以计算。本文在分析现有耗水量计算方法优缺点的基础上，采用水循环模拟法研究宁夏平原区耗水量变化规律，建立平原区分布式水循环模型，从区域水循环机理出发，模拟当地水、周边来水和引黄水量在平原区人工系统和天然系统中的分配、蒸散发、入渗、产汇流等水循环过程。模拟结果表明：2000年宁夏平原区总蒸腾蒸发消耗水量为47.2×108m3，其中消耗黄河干流水量为33.5×108m3，若加上黄河河道耗水量，则宁夏平原区消耗黄河水资源总量为36.9×108m3。1991年～2000年宁夏平原区耗水量规律为：灌溉面积增加是平原区耗水量增加的主要因素；区域总蒸发量呈现增加趋势，但天然生态系统消耗黄河水量逐渐减少；平原区消耗黄河水量不断增加，从1991年的27.6×108m3增加到2000年的33.5×108m3；黄河流域统一调度促使宁夏平原区引黄灌溉的效率呈现提高趋势。
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| 关 键 词： | 宁夏平原区 水均衡 耗水量 水循环模拟 |
| 文章编号： | 1007-7588(2006)04-0177-07 |
| 收稿时间： | 2005-12-02 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006-03-15 |
Water Resources Consumption in Plain Area of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region |
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| ZHAO Yong,PEI Yuan-sheng,ZHANG Jin-ping.Water Resources Consumption in Plain Area of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region[J].Resources Science,2006,28(4):177-183. |
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| Authors: | ZHAO Yong PEI Yuan-sheng ZHANG Jin-ping |
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| Abstract: | Owing to transformation of surface and ground water frequently,it is difficult to distinguish water consumed by industry and ecology.Local precipitation is mixed with inflows and the relationships between water diversion and drainage are also not known clearly,which brings great difficulty to calculate accurately water consumption in Ningxia plain.The paper firstly analyzes the advantage and disadvantage of existing methods for water consumption calculation,and then adopts water cycle simulation approach to study water consumption law in Ningxia plain.Based on water cycle mechanism,the water-cycle model is developed to simulate the process of distribution,evaporation,infiltration and runoff in artificial and natural system of local water and inflows.The results shows the total evaporation is 47.2 billion cubic meters in Ningxia plain in 2000,in which the Yellow River water consumption is 33.5 billion cubic meters.If taking water losses of river way into account,the total Yellow River water consumption would be 36.9 billion cubic meters.Meanwhile,water consumption in Ningxia plain from 1991 to 2000 has the following characters: 1)The enlargement of irrigation area is the main factor of the increase of water consumption;2)The total evaporation is growing in Ningxia plain,but evaporation of natural ecosystem is gradually reducing;3) The Yellow River water consumption has been increasing from 27.6 billion cubic meters in 1991 to 33.5 billion cubic meters in 2000;4)Because of the integrated water allocation in the Yellow River Basin,water efficiency in irrigation has made a great progress in Ningxia plain. |
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| Keywords: | Ningxia plain area Water balance Water consumption Water cycle simulation |
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