| 都市郊区土地开发整理项目的农户土地利用机会成本分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 朱凤凯,张凤荣,赵华甫,曲衍波,朱泰峰.都市郊区土地开发整理项目的农户土地利用机会成本分析[J].资源科学,2012,34(7):1340-1346. |
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| 作者姓名： | 朱凤凯 张凤荣 赵华甫 曲衍波 朱泰峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国农业大学土地资源管理系,北京,100193
2. 中国地质大学土地资源管理系,北京,100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(编号:41140013). |
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| 摘 要： | 土地整理作为一项具有正外部性的公共事业,要获得健康、快速和可持续发展,就必须得到广大农民的参与和支持。本文结合北京郊区区县土地整理前后农户土地利用状况的调研,探讨了当前城市化过程中,城郊农户面临的土地发展权让渡机会成本、经营方式选择机会成本和就业选择机会成本,以期为土地开发整理工作的推进和落实提供相关政策建议和参考。结论认为：①土地开发整理在发挥增加耕地面积、提高耕地等级等正效益的同时,所导致的土地利用方式单一和转用、经营限制正使农户承担着较多的机会成本;②土地发展权让渡机会成本和经营方式选择机会成本是农户选择权受到制度限制而造成的,其本质是土地开发整理这一公共产品社会成本的转嫁,而非农就业机会造成的耕地利用率低则是农户作为经济人的理性选择;③合理的发展权补偿、整理后土地利用经营方式的灵活选择和农产品公共物品补贴是提升都市郊区土地开发整理项目实施效益的关键。
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| 关 键 词： | 土地开发整理 机会成本 发展权 经营方式 非农就业 |
| 收稿时间： | 3/1/2012 12:00:00 AM |
The Impact of Farmers’Opportunity Cost on Land Consolidation Project in Suburban Areas |
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| ZHU Fengkai,ZHANG Fengrong,ZHAO Huafu,QU Yanbo and ZHU Taifeng.The Impact of Farmers’Opportunity Cost on Land Consolidation Project in Suburban Areas[J].Resources Science,2012,34(7):1340-1346. |
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| Authors: | ZHU Fengkai ZHANG Fengrong ZHAO Huafu QU Yanbo and ZHU Taifeng |
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| Institution: | Department of Land Resource Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;Department of Land Resource Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;Department of Land Resource Management, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;Department of Land Resource Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;Department of Land Resource Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China |
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| Abstract: | Farmers and their land are is important factors involved in the land consolidation. because rural collective land is the main target of the land consolidation, and farmers are the main force of the cultivated land use and protection. Therefore, as a public utility that has positive externality, the land consolidation will not get healthy, rapid and sustainable development , without the participation and support of the majority of farmers. However, land use policies related to the land consolidation and cultivated land protection have restricted farmers’ development rights, so that they have to assumed additional social costs that were originally not part of their. These costs have a significant impact on farmers’ enthusiasm of participatingon in land consolidation and cultivated land protection. The implementation of land consolidation project and cultivated land -protection policy becomes more and more difficult, especially in the suburban of big cities, which have experienced a rapid progress pace of urbanization and developed non-agricultural industries. In this study, we the authors proposed three kinds of opportunity costs for farmers’ land use: opportunity costs of land development rights alienation, opportunity costs of land management restrictions, and opportunity costs of employment choice. Furthermore, the causes, relationships and impacts of these opportunity costs on the implementation and the latter maintenance of land consolidation project were discussed, based on the survey of farmers’ land use status before and after the implementation of the land consolidation project in suburban counties of Beijing. According to the analysis of their essence and formation mechanism, suggestions were given to promote the implementation of land consolidation work and cultivated land -protection policy in suburban area. The results indicate that: 1) Land consolidation has a positive effect on benefit to improvinge the quality and quantity of cultivated land, but it will while makeing farmers to bear more opportunity costs due to the restrictions on land development rights and land management rights; 2) Opportunity costs of land development rights alienation and land management restrictions are caused by the limit of farmers’options on land use and management, the essence of which is the transfer of the social costs from the community to the farmers. While the low utilization of cultivated land caused by due to non-agricultural farm employment opportunities is a rational choice for of the farmers as an economic men; 3) The key factors of promoting the implementation effectiveness of suburban land consolidation project are reasonable compensation for development rights, flexible ways of land use and management and agricultural subsidies for public goods. |
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| Keywords: | Land consolidation Opportunity cost Development rights Land management Non-agricultural farm employment |
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