| 中国粮食生产的区域格局变化及其可能影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘玉杰,杨艳昭,封志明.中国粮食生产的区域格局变化及其可能影响[J].资源科学,2007,29(2):8-14. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘玉杰 杨艳昭 封志明 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京,100094
2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京,100101 |
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| 摘 要： | 研究发现,全国主要的粮食调出区已由1970年代初的松辽河区、长江区、珠江区和东南诸河区转移、集中到2000年代初的松辽河区和淮河区,传统的“南粮北运"的粮食生产格局已为“北粮南运"所取代。90年代松辽河区成为全国粮食增产中心的主要原因是耕地面积的增加导致粮食播种面积扩大,淮河区则是由于灌溉面积扩大、化肥使用量增加导致其粮食单产大幅度提高。全国粮食生产重心的“北移"加剧了北方天然草地资源的大规模开垦和水资源的过度开采,可能引发严重的生态问题。应对策略是充分挖掘南方地区的粮食生产潜力,提高其满足自身粮食需求的自给能力,从而减轻“北粮南运"带来的北方地区的资源环境压力。
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| 关 键 词： | 农业地理学 粮食生产区域格局 变化 影响 |
| 文章编号： | 1007-7588（2007）02-0008-07 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006-07-232007-01-13 |
The Change of the Main Regions for China's Foodgrain Production
and Its Implications |
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| LIU Yu-jie,YANG Yan-zhao and FENG Zhi-ming.The Change of the Main Regions for China's Foodgrain Production
and Its Implications[J].Resources Science,2007,29(2):8-14. |
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| Authors: | LIU Yu-jie YANG Yan-zhao and FENG Zhi-ming |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy ofAgricultural Sciences, Beijing 100094, China; 2. Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS , Beijing 100101, China |
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| Abstract: | The study showed that the main regions for China's foodgrain production have shifted from the South to the North. In the early 1970s, China's foodgrain production areas mainly clustered in the reaches of Yangtze River and Pearl River. Since 2000, the situation has changed. The main foodgrain product area mainly clustered in the reaches of Songhuajiang River, Liaohe Rivers and Huaihe River. These changes are mainly attributed to the reasons of: 1) increased cultivated land area in the reaches of Songhuajiang River and Liaohe Rivers; 2) increased yield of per unit cultivated land in the reaches of Huaihe River, which is induced by increasing irrigated area and application of chemical fertilizer. These changes have resulted in an increased expansion of cultivated land on a large scale and over exploitation of ground water as well as over application of chemicals, consequently imposing a great pressure upon ecological environment. It is suggested that provinces in the southern regions should increase the capacity of foodgrain production and realize grain self-support in order to decrease its foodgrain dependence on the North. There is still a great room on foodgrain production increase in such regions as Jiangxi province, Chongqing municipality, Guizhou province and Yunnan province. Therefore, government should earmark funds to facilitate foodgrain production in the regions mentioned above. |
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| Keywords: | Agricultural Geography Regional pattern of grain production Changes impacts |
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