| “金砖国家”全要素能源效率的比较研究——基于DEA-Tobit模型 |
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| 引用本文： | 胡根华,秦嗣毅.“金砖国家”全要素能源效率的比较研究——基于DEA-Tobit模型[J].资源科学,2012,34(3):533-540. |
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| 作者姓名： | 胡根华 秦嗣毅 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 广东商学院经济学院,广州,510320
2. 广东商学院经济学院,广州510320／广东商学院国民经济研究中心,广州510320 |
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| 基金项目： | 2010年教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目：“基于国家安全利益的中国与美国国家竞争优势差距分析与‘紧跟-超越'战略研究”(编号：10YJAGJW012);广东省哲学社会科学“十一五”规划2009年度项目：“基于国家安全利益的国家竞争优势钻石模型研究”(编号：09E-15)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 选取＂金砖国家＂2003年-2010年面板数据,文章首先在规模报酬不变的条件下运用基于投入导向的超效率DEA模型测算＂金砖国家＂全要素能源效率,并比较分析五国能源效率之间的差异;然后,采用Tobit模型来分析技术进步、产业结构、能源消费结构对＂金砖国家＂全要素能源效率的影响。研究表明,＂金砖国家＂全要素能源效率整体水平不高,但各国存在显著差异,且中国与俄罗斯能源效率都很低,因而节能潜力很大;另外,＂金砖国家＂全要素能源效率与产业结构和能源消费结构均存在显著的负相关关系,其中能源消费结构对各国全要素能源效率的影响均较大,技术进步因素对各国全要素能源效率具有一定程度的影响,而产业结构对中国和印度全要素能源效率影响较大。
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| 关 键 词： | 金砖国家 全要素能源效率 DEA模型 Tobit模型 |
Comparative Research of Total-Factor Energy Efficiency in BRICS Based on DEA and Tobit Models |
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| HU Genhua and QIN Siyi.Comparative Research of Total-Factor Energy Efficiency in BRICS Based on DEA and Tobit Models[J].Resources Science,2012,34(3):533-540. |
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| Authors: | HU Genhua and QIN Siyi |
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| Institution: | School of Economics, Guangdong University of Business Studies, Guangzhou 510320, China;School of Economics, Guangdong University of Business Studies, Guangzhou 510320, China;National Economics Research Center, Guangdong University of Business Studies, Guangzhou 510320, China |
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| Abstract: | Energy and technology are regarded as two important factors for the development of economy. Under the background of low-carbon economy, growth of energy consumption has become a serious problem and the friction caused by contest over energy resources has also grown in intensity and frequency. Therefore, improvement of energy efficiency has become an urgent task for a nation which is willing to develop its economy. Take the BRICS ( Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) for example, they have become a group with rapid economic development and significant role in economy field. At the same time, the demand of energy has also been increasing rapidly with economic development. Therefore, it is meaningful to do some researches on how to improve the energy efficiency of BRICS. With consumption of primary energy, capital stock, total employees and technology as input indices and GDP as output index, this paper has selected the BRICS'panel data from 2003 to 2010 to evaluate the total-factor energy efficiency in the five countries by using input-oriented super-efficiency DEA model and compare the differences among their energy efficiencies. Then, it has analyzed the influences of technical progress, industrial structure and structure of energy consumption to the total-factor energy efficiency of BRICS from the viewpoints of technology, economic structure and energy factor based on Tobit model. The empirical results show that: 1) The BRICS'total-factor energy efficiency exhibits a low level on the whole but there are significant differences among them, i.e. Brazil's total-factor energy efficiency is the highest among the five nations, followed by South Africa and India, China and Russia are positioned in the third, the fourth and the last respectively; 2) There exists significant negative correlations between energy efficiency and industrial structure and structure of energy consumption, i.e. the higher the ratios of the secondary industry and raw coal consumption are, the lower the total-factor energy efficiency is; 3) Structure of energy consumption has relatively greater impact on all the five countries, and optimizing economic structure only has relatively greater impact on China and India. In general, BRICS have great potential of energy saving and their total-factor energy efficiency can definitely be further improved. In addition, BRICS should improve their total-factor energy efficiency from the aspects of technical progress, economic structure and energy factors based on their own conditions, thus strengthening their economic competitive advantages under the background of low-carbon economy. |
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| Keywords: | BRICS Total-factor energy efficiency DEA model Tobit model |
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