| 辽宁省水资源利用的比较优势分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵卫,刘景双,顾康康,王明全.辽宁省水资源利用的比较优势分析[J].资源科学,2008,30(10):1449-1455. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵卫 刘景双 顾康康 王明全 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所，长春130012;中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所，长春130012;中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所，长春130012;中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所，长春130012 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)资助项目(编号：2004CB418507)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 运用比较优势原理，建立了用水比较优势的计算模式，用以计算和分析辽宁省水资源利用的比较优势；并应用聚类分析法分析了该省用水比较优势的区域分异及其影响因素。结果表明，与全国平均水平相比，1997年～2005年辽宁省工业用水和林牧渔用水具有相对优势，但是灌溉用水始终处于比较劣势，用水效益是影响其变化的主要因素；受自然条件和经济水平的影响，生产用水的比较优势具有显著的区域分异。较之全国平均水平，1997年～2005年该省城市生活用水具有相对优势但渐趋减弱，农村生活用水处于比较劣势但日益改善，两者在时间和空间上呈相反的变化趋势，主要源于城市居民和农村居民对生活用水的竞争使用；生活用水比较优势也具有显著的区域分异，其区域分异与城市化率呈显著相关。
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| 关 键 词： | 水资源利用 比较优势度 规模优势指数 效益优势指数 辽宁省 |
| 收稿时间： | 3/1/2008 12:00:00 AM |
Comparative Advantage of Water Utilization in Liaoning Province |
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| ZHAO Wei,LIU Jing-shuang,GU Kang-kang and WANG Ming-quan.Comparative Advantage of Water Utilization in Liaoning Province[J].Resources Science,2008,30(10):1449-1455. |
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| Authors: | ZHAO Wei LIU Jing-shuang GU Kang-kang and WANG Ming-quan |
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| Abstract: | In order to calculate and analyze the comparative advantage of water utilization in Liaoning province, we developed methods based on comparative advantage theory. We designed a scale advantage index to measure the comparative advantage of water consumption, determined the benefit advantage index based on the efficiency of water utilization, and then estimated the comparative advantage index of water utilization using the scale advantage index and the benefit advantage index. Cluster analysis was applied to assess regional differences in comparative advantage of water utilization in Liaoning province and the influencing factors. Results showed that the comparative advantage of productive water varied by sector. From 1997 to 2005, the comparative advantage index of irrigation water in Liaoning was always less than 1, and the comparative advantage index of forestry/livestock/fisheries water and industrial-use water was more than 1. Compared with the national average, irrigation water in the province had a comparative disadvantage from 1997 to 2005, while forestry/livestock/fisheries water and industrial-use water maintained a comparative advantage throughout. The comparative advantage of productive water in Liaoning province had marked regional differentiation due to differences in natural conditions, precipitation levels, and socio-economic factors. We divided the cities of Liaoning province into three categories: comparative advantage of industrial-use water, comparative disadvantage of industrial-use water, and comparative disadvantage of irrigation water. There were also urban-rural differences in the comparative advantage of residential water. From 1997 to 2005, the comparative advantage index of urban residential water in Liaoning province was always more than 1, but the comparative advantage index of rural residential water was less than 1. Compared with the national average, urban residential water in the province had a comparative advantage but this gradually weakened, while rural residential water had a comparative disadvantage but improved over the study period. The comparative advantage of residential water in Liaoning province had marked regional variation, which was significantly correlated with urbanization ratio. Based on the comparative advantage of residential water, the cities of Liaoning province were divided into two categories: comparative advantage of urban residential water and comparative advantage of rural residential water. Finally, some suggestions for water utilization in Liaoning province were proposed, based on the comparative advantage of water utilization in the province and its cities. |
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| Keywords: | Water utilization Comparative advantage index Scale advantage index Benefit advantage index Liaoning province |
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