| 不同兼业类型农户的土地利用行为和效率分析——基于经济发达地区的实证研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 梁流涛,曲福田,诸培新,马凯.不同兼业类型农户的土地利用行为和效率分析——基于经济发达地区的实证研究[J].资源科学,2008,30(10):1525-1532. |
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| 作者姓名： | 梁流涛 曲福田 诸培新 马凯 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京农业大学土地问题研究中心，南京210095;南京农业大学土地问题研究中心，南京210095;南京农业大学土地问题研究中心，南京210095;南京农业大学土地问题研究中心，南京210095 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家杰出青年科学基金(编号：70425002)；国家自然科学基金(编号：70773058)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 构建了农户兼业对土地利用行为及其效率作用机理的分析框架，并在此框架下以经济发达地区的农户调研数据为基础，利用分组比较分析、单因素方差分析、数据包络分析(DEA)等方法分析不同兼业类型农户的土地利用行为和土地利用效率的差异。研究结果表明：兼业类型对农户土地利用方式和行为的选择有显著的影响，不同类型农户的投入行为、施肥行为、土地利用程度、土地经营规模存在很大的差异，从总体上说，兼业农户的资本投入、劳动投入、化肥施数量、土地利用程度等方面低于纯农户，在兼业农户中二兼农户又低于一兼农户；同时，不同的土地利用行为又导致了不同类型农户的土地利用效率的差异，从DEA效率来看，一兼农户略大于纯农户，并且二者都远远大于二兼农户，这说明农户适当进行兼业经营有利于土地利用效率的提高，
当兼业程度达到一定程度时就会影响土地利用效率。
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| 关 键 词： | 农户兼业 土地利用行为 数据包络分析(DEA) 效率 江宁区 |
Analysis of Land Use Behavior and Efficiency of Different Farm Household Types |
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| LIANG Liu-tao,QU Fu-tian,ZHU Pei-xin and MA Kai.Analysis of Land Use Behavior and Efficiency of Different Farm Household Types[J].Resources Science,2008,30(10):1525-1532. |
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| Authors: | LIANG Liu-tao QU Fu-tian ZHU Pei-xin and MA Kai |
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| Abstract: | This paper analyzes land use behavior and efficiency of different farm household types based on sample urvey data from a developed area in Jiangning District, Nanjing City. We used comparative analysis, single factor analysis and other methods of variance to analyze the land use behavior of farm households, and also analyzed land use efficiency using data envelopment analysis (DEA), which can include multiple input and output indexes, so as to avoid the inadequacy of using only one input and output index. Then we classified land use efficiency into two categories, pure technological efficiency and scale efficiency, to identify the factors causing differences in land use efficiency of farm households. Finally, we propose measures to improve the efficiency of farm households. The results suggest that the factor of whether farm households also participate in other businesses has an obvious effect on the choices of farm households related to land use behavior, as inputs, fertilization, and the degree and scale of land use of the three types of farm households were significantly different. Generally speaking, the inputs of capital, labor, fertilization, and the degree and scale of land use for mixed farm-business households (type I) were lower than exclusive farming households, and households with more than 50% of their income from non-farm business (type II) were lowest. The differences in land use behavior created diversity in land use efficiency. Based on the DEA efficiency, levels of efficiency improved for households with some non-farm income
(type I), but was lowest for households with more than 50% non-farm income (type II), which indicates that some business activities can improve land use efficiency of farm households, but beyond a certain level participating in business can actually cause a decline in household efficiency. As for the structure of land use efficiency, the pure technological efficiency of the three types of farm households were all low, scale efficiency of pure farmer and households of farm-business I type were almost the same, and scale efficiency of the exclusive farming and farm-business type I households were all higher than that of the farm business type II households. Based on scale efficiency we can see that almost all farm households were in a phase of increasing returns to scale, which shows that the production scale is still quite small, which was one important reason why the efficiency level was also low. Improving the scale of land management is one way to improve the efficiency of farm households. |
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| Keywords: | Rural households with off-farm income Land use behavior Data envelopment analysis (DEA) Efficiency Jiangning |
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