| 中国干旱、半干旱地区土地开垦对荒漠化的影响——以甘肃民勤县和内蒙古伊金霍洛旗为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 张宏,孙保平.中国干旱、半干旱地区土地开垦对荒漠化的影响——以甘肃民勤县和内蒙古伊金霍洛旗为例[J].资源科学,1999,21(5). |
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| 作者姓名： | 张宏 孙保平 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 北京师范大学资源科学研究所,教育部环境演变与灾害研究开放实验室,北京,100875
2. 北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京,100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展规划培植项目,国家“九五”重点科技攻关项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 从土地利用的角度，分析我国荒漠化地区人口增长与土地荒漠化的反馈关系，并以甘肃民勤县和内蒙古伊金霍洛旗为例，模拟人口增长导致耕地开垦面积增加及其对荒漠化土地面积动态变化的影响。结果显示，在相似的人口增长速度和社会经济发展状况下，半干旱地区的荒漠化扩展速度要比干旱地区更快。模型灵敏度分析表明，决定我国干旱、半干旱区土地开垦并导致荒漠化发生和发展的主要人为因子是人口数量、水资源利用效率和土地生产力状况，这三者又是与社会经济水平、人口和土地管理政策密切相关的。
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| 关 键 词： | 土地开垦 荒漠化 干旱－半干旱地区 动态仿真 |
IMPACT OF LAND RECLAMATION ON DESERTIFICATION IN ARID AND SEMI ARID AREAS OF CHINA TAKING MINQIN COUNTY OF GANSU AND EJIN HORO BANNER OF INNER MONGOLIA AS CASE STUDIES |
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| ZHANG Hong,SUN Bao-ping.IMPACT OF LAND RECLAMATION ON DESERTIFICATION IN ARID AND SEMI ARID AREAS OF CHINA TAKING MINQIN COUNTY OF GANSU AND EJIN HORO BANNER OF INNER MONGOLIA AS CASE STUDIES[J].Resources Science,1999,21(5). |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Hong SUN Bao-ping |
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| Institution: | ZHANG HongInstitute of Resources Science,Beijing Normal University,Open Research Lab for Environmental Changes and Natural Disaster,Ministry of Education,Beijing 100875,China SUN Bao pingInstitute of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry Univer |
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| Abstract: | The feedback relation between land reclamation with population growth and land desertification in arid and semiarid areas of China is reviewed from the point of view of land use.The impacts of accelerated land reclamation with population on dynamics of desertification in the study area are simulated by taking Minqin county of Gansu Province and Ejin Horo Banner of Inner Mongolia,representing arid and semiarid area respectively,as case studies.Simulation results showed that the requirement of reclaimed land in Ejin Horo Banner is 2.9 times larger than that of the Minqin County with every 1 000 population growth during the simulation period.In the initial period of simulation,the average expansion rates of desertified land in Minqin and Ejin Horo are 635.8hm 2/a and 1 275.2 hm 2/a respectively.The latter is two times that of the former.In the later period of simulation,the average expansion rates of desertified land in both areas are 149.3hm 2/a and 188.7hm 2/a respectively.The latter is 1.3 times that of the former.This indicated that the average expansion rate of desertification in semiarid area is higher than that in arid area in the case with similar socio economic development level and population growth rate.The sensitive analysis of simulation model showed that the major anthropogenic factors affecting land reclamation and the consequent occurrence and development of desertification in arid and semiarid areas in China include population growth rate,water resources use efficiency,and land productivity.They are related to the socio economic development level and population control as well as land management policy in the concerned areas. |
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| Keywords: | Land reclamation Desertification mechanism Arid and semiarid area Dynamic simulation |
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