| 长江上游地区水土保持若干问题探讨 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 郑度.长江上游地区水土保持若干问题探讨[J].资源科学,2004,26(7):1-6. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 郑度 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 陆地表层格局研究中的自然与人文指标综合(编号：40171040)
。 |
| |
| 摘 要： | 该文从自然地理综合研究角度，讨论了长江上游地区水土保持问题，如土地退化与整治的地域分异，开发建设的经验与教训，山区坡地的改良与利用，水土保持与区域可持续发展等。主要退化土地类型的形成与温度、水分条件以及自然区域之间有着密切的关系，要根据不同区域的具体自然条件来规划土地与水资源的合理开发利用，拟订防治土壤侵蚀的综合整治对策与措施。人类不合理的生产活动，如森林砍伐、陡坡垦殖、过度放牧以及工矿、道路的开发与修建等是长江上游山地环境退化的重要原因。过度垦殖，往往伴随着林地减少，陡坡垦殖酿成严重的土壤侵蚀，水土流失主要物质来源于耕地。长江上游地区坡地多平地少，坡地是流水侵蚀可以发展的部位，也是宝贵的土地资源。坡地的改良和利用既指退化土地的整治与恢复，也指坡荒地资源的充分利用。在这一地区，应将生物措施与工程措施相结合，凭借速生植物采用复合农林业途径，以提高其持续生产力。由于篱笆植物与田间作物组成农林复合系统，活篱笆不仅是控制坡地土壤侵蚀的措施，它也是土地利用类型的一个组分。以四川宁南为例说明，应当协调好人与自然的关系，将山区水土保持，即退化环境的整治与区域可持续发展密切结合起来。
|
| 关 键 词： | 长江上游 土地退化 坡地改良利用 水土保持 |
| 修稿时间： | 5/8/2004 12:00:00 AM |
Issues of Soil and Water Conservation in Upper Reaches of The Yangtze River |
| |
| ZHENG,Du.Issues of Soil and Water Conservation in Upper Reaches of The Yangtze River[J].Resources Science,2004,26(7):1-6. |
| |
| Authors: | ZHENG Du |
| |
| Abstract: | From a view point of integrated physical geography, issues of soil and water conservation in upper reaches of the Yangtze River, such as regional differentiation of land degradation and its anagement, experiences and lessons of resources exploitation and construction, amelioration and utilization of slope lands, soil and water conservation and regional sustainable development, etc. are dealt with in this paper. The formation of main degraded land types is closely correlated with temperature and moisture regimes of various natural regions. Therefore, to plan rational development and utilization of land and water resources as well as to put forward integrated management countermeasures for prevent soil erosion should based on natural environmental condition of different regions. Irrational human activities, such as steep slope cultivation, over cutting of forests, overgrazing, road construction and mining industry, etc. have led environmental degradation of mountainous areas in upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Steep slope cultivation gives rise to serious soil erosion, main component parts of erosion matter are coming from farmlands. Upper reaches of the Yangtze River are characterized by that slope lands are much more than flat lands. Slope landsas valuable land resources could be susceptible to fluvial erosion. Amelioration and utilization of slope lands include both the management of degraded lands and the full use of wastelands. In this area, iological methods should be used to gether with engineering methods. To enhance the sustaining productivity for slope lands, the exploitation and utilization with control and conservation should be combined hrough adjusting measures to local conditions. Through compound agriculture and forestry by fast growing plants agro forestry is developed. According to the specialty of different region, type and degree of land degradation, in order to enhance the productivity, the management and restoration systems of environmental conservation type, moderate development type and resources saving type should be applied accordingly and step by step. Example from Ningnan County of Sichuan has demonstrated that soil and water conservation, as well as degraded environment management accelerates the development of county economy. The coordination of relationship between man and nature would promote regional sustainable development. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
|
| 点击此处可从《资源科学》浏览原始摘要信息 |
| 点击此处可从《资源科学》下载免费的PDF全文 |
|
