| 土地利用/土地覆被分类系统研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 张景华,封志明,姜鲁光.土地利用/土地覆被分类系统研究进展[J].资源科学,2011,33(6):1195-1203. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张景华 封志明 姜鲁光 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101;中国科学院研究生院,北京100049
2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京,100101 |
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| 基金项目： | 科技部基础性工作专项：“澜沧江中下游与大香格里拉地区科学考察”(编号：2008FY110300)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 土地利用/土地覆被变化是全球变化研究中的一个重要内容,而土地利用/土地覆被分类又是研究土地覆被变化的重要前提,它既影响着分类结果的表达,也决定着分类数据的应用领域。本文简要回顾和评述了国内外土地利用/土地覆被分类系统的研究进展。研究认为,土地利用/土地覆被分类系统,1970年代之前以土地利用分类为主,着重于土地用途的差异,主要用于土地利用现状调查和土地利用制图;1970年代随着遥感和计算机技术的发展,以土地覆被为主的分类系统迅速发展起来,它着重于土地类型的差异,主要用于土地覆被变化研究。研究指出,目前的土地利用/土地覆被分类系统一般都适用于特定研究目的和研究尺度,没有统一标准,这种土地分类系统的不兼容性,给土地覆被数据的汇总、分析与共享带来了诸多不便。但一个"万能"的土地分类系统又是不存在的。鉴于此,研究认为一个标准土地分类系统应该是多级的、开放的系统,高级别的土地覆被类型可以直接基于遥感影像进行识别,以便于实现分类数据的比较和共享;低级别的土地覆被类型可以根据特定研究目的灵活制定,以满足特定的研究需要。
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| 关 键 词： | 土地覆被 土地利用 分类系统 研究进展 土地利用/土地覆被变化 |
Progress on Studies of Land Use/Land Cover Classification Systems |
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| ZHANG Jinghu,FENG Zhiming and JIANG Luguang.Progress on Studies of Land Use/Land Cover Classification Systems[J].Resources Science,2011,33(6):1195-1203. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Jinghu FENG Zhiming and JIANG Luguang |
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| Institution: | Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Beijing 100101, China; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Beijing 100101, China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Beijing 100101, China |
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| Abstract: | Land use and land cover change (LUCC) is one of the most important aspects within the scope of global change. As a critical portion of LUCC study, classification of land use and land cover types not only affects the classification results, but also determines applications of relevant data. In the paper, studies of land use and land cover classification systems were reviewed. It could be concluded that the land use and land cover classification laid more emphasis on the land use classification before the 1970s. The land use classification system emphasized the differences between land functions and was mainly applied to land use inventory investigation and land use mapping. After then, the classification system based on land cover rapidly developed due to the development of satellite remote sensing and computer technology. This classification system emphasized the differences between land categories and was mainly applied to land cover change studies. The review shows that almost all current land use and land cover classification systems tend to be suitable only for a specific research purpose at a certain scale. The incompatibility amongst the current classification systems has resulted in numerous inconveniences and difficulties in the courses of aggregation, analysis, and sharing of land use and land cover data due to the absence of consistent standards. Therefore, a standardized classification system is extremely warranted. However, a universal classification system suitable for all kinds of research purposes is neither possible nor necessary. The reasons lie in that on the one hand, the minimum classification unit could be dependent on the mapping scale as well as the spatial resolution of remote sensing data; on the other hand, land use and land cover types of varying detailed degrees are required for different research purposes. Furthermore, it would be probable that some special land use and land cover types existed in specific regions, for example, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China. At last, this review states that a standardized classification system should be hierarchically organized and could be extended. The land use and land cover types of higher hierarchy could be directly identified from remote sensing images without auxiliary information, which would make it convenient for data comparison and sharing. The land use and land cover types of lower hierarchy could be defined in terms of a specific study purpose, which could satisfy the specific study needs. |
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| Keywords: | Land cover Land use Classification system Land use and land cover change |
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