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| 强制分类背景下社区生活垃圾源头分类与综合处理系统减碳效率 | |
| 引用本文： | 丁猛,宋小龙,白建峰,庄绪宁,赵静,李维明,罗伟.强制分类背景下社区生活垃圾源头分类与综合处理系统减碳效率[J].资源科学,2023,45(1):18-30. |
| 作者姓名： | 丁猛 宋小龙 白建峰 庄绪宁 赵静 李维明 罗伟 |
| 作者单位： | 1.上海第二工业大学资源与环境工程学院，上海 201209 2.上海电子废弃物资源化协同创新中心，上海 201209 3.国务院发展研究中心资源与环境政策研究所，北京 100010 4.北京京环智慧环保科技有限公司，北京 100101 |
| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1906101);上海市浦东新区科技发展基金民生科研专项(PKJ2022-C09) |
| 摘 要： | 【目的】在强制分类背景下，不同分类收集方式会改变生活垃圾物质流向与后续收运处置过程，进而影响回收处理系统的生命周期碳排放和经济表现。本文针对北京社区垃圾源头分类与综合处理系统的不同情景，开展减碳效率分析与优化，为建立因地制宜的垃圾分类收集模式提供科学依据。【方法】采用物质流分析方法（MFA）对回收处理全过程的物质流向和流量进行分析，结合生命周期碳排放量核算（LCCA）和生命周期成本分析（LCC）分别评估碳足迹和经济成本，在此基础上提出减碳效率指标并进行优化分析。【结果】基准情景（S1）和优化情景（S2-S5）的生命周期碳排放量分别为-148.14 kgCO2e、-236.44 kgCO2e、-251.25 kgCO2e、-297.06 kgCO2e、-343.51 kgCO2e。相对于S1，4种优化情景均表现为正向的减碳效率，减碳效率值依次为S5(2.20)>S4(1.66)>S3(1.38)>S2(1.31)。S5对应的“垃圾分类驿站+可回收物智能回收箱+垃圾分类指导员”优化模式具有最高的减碳效率。在垃圾综合处理能力和各组分处理能力充足的前提下，随着准确分类比例增加，减碳效率也逐步提升。【结论】源头分类收集体系的建立和完善，增加了前端基础设施运行成本、人力成本和环境影响，但有效提高了后端分类处理效率及再生资源产出率，带来生命周期碳减排效益的提高。随着今后居民垃圾分类自主投放参与率和准确率上升，收集阶段经济成本将大幅降低，减碳效率可进一步提升。 |
| 关 键 词： | 城市生活垃圾 垃圾分类 物质流分析 生命周期评价 生命周期成本 减碳效率 北京 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-10-13 |
| 修稿时间： | 2023-01-03 |
Carbon reduction efficiency of community domestic waste separation at source and comprehensive treatment system under compulsory classification |
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| DING Meng,SONG Xiaolong,BAI Jianfeng,ZHUANG Xuning,ZHAO Jing,LI Weiming,LUO Wei.Carbon reduction efficiency of community domestic waste separation at source and comprehensive treatment system under compulsory classification[J].Resources Science,2023,45(1):18-30. | |
| Authors: | DING Meng SONG Xiaolong BAI Jianfeng ZHUANG Xuning ZHAO Jing LI Weiming LUO Wei |
| Institution: | 1. School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China 2. Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for WEEE Recycling, Shanghai 201209, China 3. Institute of Resources and Environmental Policy, Development Research Center of the State Council, Beijing 100010, China 4. Beijing Jinghuan Intelligent Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing 100101, China |
| Abstract: | Objective] In the context of compulsory classification, different source separation and collection methods will change the flow direction of municipal solid waste and the subsequent collection and disposal process, and then affect the life cycle carbon emissions and economic performance of the recycling system. According to the different scenarios of Beijing community garbage source classification and comprehensive treatment system, this study carried out carbon reduction efficiency analysis and optimization, in order to provide a scientific basis for the establishment of garbage classification and collection model according to local conditions. Methods] The material flow analysis method (MFA) was used to analyze the material flow direction and flow in the whole process of recycling and treatment, and evaluated the carbon footprint and economic cost respectively with life cycle carbon emission accounting (LCCA) and life cycle cost analysis (LCC) methods. On this basis, a carbon reduction efficiency index was put forward and optimized. Results] The life cycle carbon emissions of the baseline scenario (S1) and the optimization scenario (S2-S5) are -148.14 kgCO2e, -236.44 kgCO2e, -251.25 kgCO2e, -297.06 kgCO2e, -343.51 kgCO2e, respectively. Compared with S1, the four optimization scenarios show positive carbon reduction efficiency, and the carbon reduction efficiency values are S5 (2.20)>S4 (1.66)>S3(1.38)>S2 (1.31). Scenario 5 corresponding to the “garbage sorting station+recyclable intelligent recycling bin+garbage classification instructor” optimization model has the highest carbon reduction efficiency. Under the premise that the comprehensive treatment capacity of domestic waste and the treatment capacity of each component are sufficient, with the increase of the proportion of accurate classification, the carbon reduction efficiency is gradually improved. Conclusion] The establishment and improvement of the source separation and collection system increases the front-end infrastructure operation cost, labor cost, and environmental impact, but effectively improves the back- end classification and treatment efficiency and the output rate of renewable resources, resulting in the improvement of life cycle carbon emission reduction benefits. With the increasing participation rate and accuracy of domestic waste classification in the future, the cost in the collection stage will be greatly reduced, and the carbon reduction efficiency can be further improved. |
| Keywords: | municipal solid waste waste classification material flow analysis life cycle assessment life cycle cost carbon reduction efficiency Beijing |
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