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| 猫跳河流域梯级开发的生态效应区域响应 | |
| 引用本文： | 李亦秋,鲁春霞,邓欧,杨广斌.猫跳河流域梯级开发的生态效应区域响应[J].资源科学,2011,33(8):1454-1461. |
| 作者姓名： | 李亦秋 鲁春霞 邓欧 杨广斌 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 冲国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101／绵阳师范学院资源与环境工程学院,绵阳621000 2. 冲国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京,100101 3. 绵阳师范学院资源与环境工程学院,绵阳621000／北京林业大学测绘与3S技术中心,北京100083 4. 贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵阳,550001 |
| 基金项目： | 环保部环保公益项目：“水利工程的生态效应与生态调度”(编号：200909057)”；绵阳师范学院博士启动基金。 |
| 摘 要： | 研究水利工程生态效应区域响应,对于提高水资源利用效率和弱化水利工程的负效应具有重要意义。本文在提出猫跳河流域梯级开发生态效应区域响应概念模型的基础上,从时间尺度和生态空间尺度上,把相互联系和相互制约的河流生态系统、陆地生态系统和人类生产生活系统,按照生态效应区域响应的层次顺序进行分析和概括。通过大量的调查研究资料,比较全面地分析了猫跳河流域河流生态系统中水文情势与水量、水质与水环境、水生生物群落等非生态和生态变量的区域响应;陆地生态系统中大气环境质量、区域气候变化、陆地植被与野生动物等非生态和生态变量的区域响应;人类生产生活系统中土地资源、耕地面积、人群健康等方面的区域响应。结果表明：猫跳河流域开发在带来流域人口增长、产业集聚和社会发展的同时,也出现了一系列不可逆转的生态环境问题,人地矛盾更加突出。猫跳河流域应该积极实现产业转型,从高耗能、高污染的重化工业转化为其它的产业,提高资源附加值,弱化其生态负效应。文章同时对于即将上马和将要进行梯级开发的流域提出建议：流域梯级开发应当综合全流域状况进行开发模式选择,并通过建立合理的河流生态补偿机制,协调各利益相关方的关系,以确保流域内社会、经济、环境的可持续发展 |
| 关 键 词： | 猫跳河流域 梯级开发 生态效应 区域响应 |
| 修稿时间： | 6/2/2011 12:00:00 AM |
Regional Response of Ecological Effects of Cascade Reservoirs Development within the Maotiaohe River Watershed |
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| LI Yiqiu,LU Chunxi,DENG Ou and YANG Guangbin.Regional Response of Ecological Effects of Cascade Reservoirs Development within the Maotiaohe River Watershed[J].Resources Science,2011,33(8):1454-1461. | |
| Authors: | LI Yiqiu LU Chunxi DENG Ou and YANG Guangbin |
| Institution: | Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101,China; Department of Resource and Environment, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang 621000, China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101,China;Department of Resource and Environment, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang 621000, China; Institute of GIS, RS & GPS, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;Department of Geography and Environment Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China |
| Abstract: | Studying regional ecological effects of water conservancy projects plays a significant role in improving water resources use efficiency and reducing negative effects of the water conservancy projects. In this study, the authors took the environmental impact of water conservancy projects and the resulting regional response to ecosystems as a subject. Based on a cascade development concept model of ecological effects of regional response of the Maotiao River watershed, mutual contact and restraint ecosystems, including river ecosystems, terrestrial ecosystems, and human living and production systems, were analyzed and summarized according to the level order of regional response of ecological effects at the temporal scale and ecological spatial scale. A comprehensive analysis was performed on the regional response of non-ecological and ecological variables in the above-mentioned three ecosystems in the Maotiao River watershed. Regional ecological effects of water conservancy projects in the Maotiao River watershed were analyzed in terms of 1) regional response of non-ecological and ecological variables, such as hydrological regime and water quantity, water quality and water environment, and aquatic community of river ecosystems, 2) regional response of non-ecological and ecological variables, such as air quality, regional climate change, and other terrestrial vegetation and wildlife of terrestrial ecosystems, and 3) regional response of land resources, cultivated land area, and population health, etc. of human living and production systems. It was found that the watershed development has resulted in population growth, industry concentration, social development, as well as a series of irreversible ecological and environmental problems which made the contradiction between people and land more acute. Therefore, for a watershed in which the cascade development has been achieved, much effort should be made to shift the industrial structure from high energy consumption, high pollution, and heavy industry to other industries so as to improve resources value and mitigate its ecological negative effects as well. This study also warns that watersheds in which cascade development is about to be launched or cascade development is being undertaken should take into account the effects of construction of dams and other water conservation projects on the environment and ecology. Meanwhile, a reasonable compensation mechanism could be built to coordinate the relationship between various stakeholders to ensure the sustainable development of community, economy, and environment in the watershed. |
| Keywords: | Maotiao River watershed Cascade development Ecological effects Regional response |
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