The triad-iodine deficiency,hyperlipidaemia, high coronary risk— in a ‘maternal-neonate’ population of rural Africa |
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| Authors: | Santosh C Das Aminu Z Mohammed Sani U Al-Hassan Abraham A Otokwula Uche P Isichei |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Pathology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano;(2) Department of Surgery, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano;(3) Chemical Pathology, University of Jos Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria;(4) Department of Chemical Pathology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, P.M.B. 3452, 700001 Kano, Nigeria |
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| Abstract: | In order to see the pattern of changes in differential serum lipid and lipoprotein fractions as a risk marker of coronary
complication in paired ‘maternal—neonate’ blood samples in an iodine deficient zone, 26 pregnant women and their corresponding
new born infants at term delivery from the iodine deficient Bassa region of Plateau state, Nigeria were assessed and the results
were compared with those seen in a similar 44 group of women and their newborns assessed in non lodine deficient region of
Jos. The serum thyroid function and lipid and lipoprotein profiles were determined by ‘ELISA’ and ‘enzymatic’ methods respectively.
Urinary iodide excretion level was also measured in 14 pregnant women in Bassa, 23 pregnant women in Jos and 16 non pregnant
control from Jos. Results indicate that the pregnant women assessed in Bassa were iodine deficient (P<0.01) and their thyroid
status was strikingly reduced as reflected by a drop in serum level of T4/TBG ratio (P<0.01) and a rise in TSH (P<0.005) in
comparison to that seen in Jos. There was marked hypertriglyceridaemia and total hypercholesterolaemia (P<0.005), with differential
significant rise in LDL cholestotol fraction (P<0.005) in the women assessed in Bassa as compared to Jos. The HDL cholesterol
however dropped less significantly in the group (P<0.05) with a concurrent marked rise (P<0.001) in the serum ratio of LDL
cholesterol/HDL cholesterol, total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol and triglycerides/HDL cholesterol in the lodine deficient group.
A similar pattern of changes were seen in the corresponding neonates in the Bassa group as compared to Jos group. It is concluded
that the pregnant women and their newborn offsprings living in a longstanding environmental iodine deficiency run a higher
risk of developing coronary complications than those living in non endemic region. It is striking that such newborns surrounded
by a continued state of lodine deficient may at a later adult-period of life develop marked risk of coronary complication
and other features of hyperlipidaemias associated with varying thyroid insufficiency and accompanied iodine deficiency disorders.
Prophylaxis measures as intervention has been highlighted. |
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| Keywords: | Iodine Deficiency Serum lipid Lipoproteins Coronary markers Maternal-neonates |
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