Evaluating the tail of the distribution: the economic contributions of frequently awarded government R&D recipients |
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| Institution: | 1. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States;2. New York University, United States;1. Department of Economics and Management, University of Florence, Italy;2. Department of Political and International Sciences, University of Siena, Italy;3. Department of Economics Management and Quantitative Methods, University of Milan, Italy;1. Technology Management, Economics and Policy Program, Seoul National University;2. Technology Management, Economics, and Policy Program & Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence, Seoul National University;1. Faculty of Economics and Business, Department of Innovation Management and Strategy, University of Groningen, Nettelbosje 2, Groningen, AE 9747, the Netherlands;2. Max Planck Institute for Innovation and Competition, Marstallplatz 1, 80539 Munich, Germany;3. Rotterdam School of Management, Department of Strategic Management and Entrepreneurship, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, 3062 PA Rotterdam, the Netherlands;1. Assistant Professor, Graduate School of Management and Economics, Sharif University of Technoloy, Tehran, Iran;2. Professor of Innovation Studies at School of Slavonic and East European Studies University College London, Great Britain;3. Phd Candidate, School of Progress Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran |
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| Abstract: | Government R&D programs are intended to assist in the commercialization of technology and provide for the greater public good. Among the primary instruments for this type of government action are competitive grants for small, high-tech businesses. However, there is a perception among scholars and administrators that a small number of firms receive a large number of awards without furthering government objectives. The term mill is a less than complimentary term used to reference a firm that receives multiple government R&D awards. The criticism is based on a belief that this group of firms do not advance innovative technologies and do not serve the needs of the awarding agency. As a result, there are attempts to limit the number of awards that firms receive, with limited consideration of the firms themselves and the role they play in the larger innovation system. We specifically examine the U.S. Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program, focusing on a group of firms at the extreme tail of the distribution of awards. We consider the business model employed by these firms, their patenting and licensing behavior, and the products they introduce to the market. We also consider their impacts as incubators of spinoff firms, research environments that augment human capital, and suppliers to government through procurement. |
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