Research tool patents and free-libre biotechnology: A suggested unified framework |
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| Authors: | Julien Pénin Jean-Pierre Wack |
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| Institution: | BETA, UMR 7522 ULP-CNRS, Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg 1, Pôle Européen de Gestion et d’Économie, 61 avenue de la Forêt Noire, 67085 Strasbourg Cedex, France |
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| Abstract: | This paper proposes a unified conceptual framework to analyze the multiple role and consequences of patents in the case of biotechnology research tools. We argue that the knowledge/information and independent/complementary nature of research tools define heterogeneous frameworks in which the patent system plays different roles. In particular, using the analogy with the free-libre open source movement in software, we show that patents can promote open innovation by ensuring the freedom of some pieces of knowledge. A strong conclusion of the paper is therefore that, against common belief, an adequate use of the patent system may contribute to preserving freedom of access to upstream research tools within a framework that we call free-libre biotechnology. |
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| Keywords: | D2 O3 |
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