Boundary control for synchronization of fractional-order complex spatiotemporal networks based on PDEs with multiple delays and its application in image encryption |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Information Science and Technology, Linyi University, Linyi, PR China;2. Shandong Cloud Imagination Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai 264006, PR China;3. School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, PR China;4. Texas A & M University at Qatar, Doha 5825, Qatar;1. Smart Mobility Research Section, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Daegu 42994, South Korea;2. Department of Electronics Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea;1. Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China;2. University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Zhongshan Institute, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528402, China;3. Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510033, China;1. School of Automation Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, PR China;2. School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China;1. College of Science, Binzhou University, Binzhou, 256600, Shandong, China;2. Institute of Complexity Science, School of Automation, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China |
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| Abstract: | This paper addresses the synchronization problem of fractional-order complex spatiotemporal networks (CSNs) based on partial differential equations with delays via boundary control. First, fractional-order CSNs with time-invariant and time-varying delays are studied separately due to the widespread existence of time delays in complex networks. Moreover, two boundary controllers are proposed to solve the synchronization issue of fractional-order CSNs, in which nodes communicate with each other only on the spatial boundary. Furthermore, according to the fractional-order inequality, the synchronization criteria of fractional-order CNSs with multiple delays are obtained. Finally, the numerical simulations are given to verify the feasibility of the presented results. A case provides the application of CSNs in image encryption. |
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