Further victimization of child sexual abuse victims: A latent class typology of re-victimization trajectories |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Criminology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada;2. School of Criminal Sciences, University of Lausanne, ESC – Sorge – BCH, CH - 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;1. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Abuse, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, United States;2. The Children’s Hospital of San Antonio Center for Miracles, 315 North San Saba, Suite 201, San Antonio, TX, 78207, United States;3. Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, United States;4. The Chadwick Center for Children and Families at Rady Children’s Hospital, 3665 Kearny Villa Road, Suite 500, San Diego, CA, 92123, United States;5. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Diego, 3020 Children’s Way, MC 5159, San Diego, CA, 92123, United States;1. School of Criminal Justice and Criminalistics at California State University, Los Angeles, United States;2. Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, United States;3. School of Medicine, New York University, United States;4. UCLA–Duke University National Center for Child Traumatic Stress, Duke University Medical Center, United States;1. Ankara City Hospital, 06800 Ankara, Turkey;2. Hacettepe University, 06800 Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey;1. Center for Studies of Sociological Theory and Method, Renmin University of China, China;2. School of Sociology & Population Studies, Renmin University of China, Room 602, West Chongde Building, No.59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing, China;3. Department of Sociology, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA |
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| Abstract: | The association between child sexual abuse (CSA) and risk for re-victimization is well-documented; however, less is known about the temporal progression of re-victimization experiences over the early life-course among CSA survivors, and whether this differs from that of those without known sexual abuse histories. This study investigated whether there are distinct temporal pathways of interpersonal re-victimization between the ages of 10–25 years among medically confirmed CSA cases, and considered whether abuse variables, re-victimization variables, and the presence of other adverse outcomes, were associated with heterogeneity in re-victimization pathways. The data were collected as part of a large-scale data-linkage study in which the medical records of 2759 cases of contact-CSA between 1964 and 1995 were linked, between 13 and 44 years following abuse, to police and public psychiatric databases; cases were compared to a matched community sample (n = 2677). Using a subsample of 510 (401 victims; 109 comparisons) individuals with an interpersonal (re)victimization history, we examined the aggregate ‘age-(re)victimization’ curves for CSA victims and comparisons, respectively. Further, we applied longitudinal latent class analysis to explore heterogeneity in re-victimization trajectories among abuse survivors across their early life-course. Four latent pathways were identified, labeled: Normative; Childhood-Limited; Emerging-Adulthood; and Chronic re-victimization trajectories. Older age at abuse, a criminal history, and mental health problems were uniquely predictive of membership to the more problematic and persistent re-victimization trajectories. Findings indicate that individuals exposed to CSA during adolescence may be particularly vulnerable to poorer re-victimization trajectories, characterized by multiple risk indices, and thus may warrant increased service provision. |
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| Keywords: | Child sexual abuse Follow-up study Re-victimization Trajectory Life-course Linked administrative data |
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