Childhood maltreatment and adolescent sexual risk behaviors: Unique,cumulative and interactive effects |
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| Institution: | 1. Clinical Child Psychology Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA;2. Consortium for Translational Research on Aggression and Drug Abuse (ConTRADA), University of Kansas, 2009 Dole Human Development Center, 1000 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA;3. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA;1. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Dell Medical School, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA;2. Institute of Early Life Adversity Research, Dell Medical School, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA;3. Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA;4. Department of Psychology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA;5. Mulva Clinic for Neuroscience, Dell Medical School, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA;1. Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China;2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China;3. Department of Human Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, Anhui Medical College, Anhui, China;4. Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Anhui, China |
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| Abstract: | Child maltreatment has been associated with sexual risk behaviors. Previous investigators have typically studied only one form of maltreatment, preventing them from exploring interrelations between forms of maltreatment and their impact on sexual risk behaviors. Thus, this study aims to examine the unique, cumulative, and interactive effects of four maltreatment forms (sexual abuse, physical abuse, neglect, and witnessing interparental violence) on sexual risk behaviors. The sample comprised 1940 sexually active adolescents (Mage = 15.6; 60.8% girls) attending Quebec (Canada) high schools. Regression results showed that all maltreatment forms were associated with having a higher number of sexual partners, casual sexual behavior, and a younger age at first consensual intercourse. Physical abuse and witnessing interparental violence were associated with inconsistent condom use, and physical abuse was associated with sexually transmitted infections. After controlling for all forms of maltreatment (unique effects), analyses showed that sexual abuse, physical abuse, neglect or witnessing interparental violence remained statistically associated depending on the sexual risk behavior. A greater number of forms of maltreatment was associated with more sexual risk behaviors (cumulative effect). When sexual abuse was not experienced, neglect was associated with a higher number of sexual partners (interactive effects). In general, associations between maltreatment and sexual risk behaviors were similar for both genders. The magnitude of the relationship between a specific form of child maltreatment and sexual risk behaviors may be inaccurately estimated when not controlling for other forms of maltreatment. |
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| Keywords: | Sexual abuse Maltreatment Cumulative abuse Sexual risk behaviors Gender differences |
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