Society,individual, family,and school factors contributing to child mental health in war: The ecological-theory perspective |
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| Institution: | 1. Al-Quds Open University, Gaza, Palestine;2. University of Tampere, Tampere, Aalto University, Helsinki, Finland;3. University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland;1. Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, United States;2. School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, United States;3. Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, United States;1. University of Tampere, Finland;2. Aalto University, Finland;3. Gaza Community Mental Health Programme, Gaza, Palestine;4. Islamic University of Gaza, Palestine;1. Department of Sociology, MS 4351, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;2. Teachers College and College of Physicians and Surgeons, 525 W. 120th Street, Box 39, Columbia University, 10027, USA;1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK;2. Centre for Global Mental Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK;3. Centre for Chronic Conditions and Injuries, Public Health Foundation of India, India;4. Sangath, Goa, India;5. United Nations Children''s Fund, NY, USA;6. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, MD, USA |
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| Abstract: | Mental health problems are common in war-affected areas, but children have different levels of vulnerability. Based on ecological theory (Bronfenbrenner, 2005), this study analyses how factors related to the child (cognitive capacity), their family (parental depression and parenting styles), and their school (teachers’ practices and peer relations) mediate the association between traumatic stress (traumatic war experiences and stressful life-events) and child mental health (posttraumatic stress and psychological distress symptoms). The participants were 303 Palestinian children (51.2% girls) of 10–13 years (M = 10.94 ± 0.50) and their parents from the Gaza Strip. The children filled in questionnaires during school classes and the parents did so at their homes. The results of structural equation modeling substantiated the hypothesis that parental depression, poor parenting and low-quality peer relations mediated between traumatic stress and children’s mental health problems. Contrary to the hypothesis, child-related factors did not mediate that association. To conclude, parents and peers provide important age-salient social resources for children in war conditions, and psychosocial interventions should therefore enhance their beneficial functions. |
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| Keywords: | Ecological theory Posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) Psychological distress symptoms War Military violence Palestinians |
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