| 正向行为支持法干预孤独症儿童问题行为的个案研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘昊.正向行为支持法干预孤独症儿童问题行为的个案研究[J].中国特殊教育,2007(3):26-32. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘昊 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京市孤独症儿童康复协会,北京,100083 |
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| 摘 要： | 研究应用正向行为支持法,对一名孤独症儿童表现出的两种带有刻板和自伤性质的问题行为进行了干预,旨在验证该方法对干预孤独症儿童问题行为的有效性,并对干预的过程进行实践探讨。治疗小组基于前期行为分析的结果,制定针对性的干预计划,运用了前提控制、消退、区分强化等行为矫正策略,进行为期约三个月的干预。总的研究过程包括行为功能分析和干预实施等五个阶段,每个阶段都通过问卷和观察等形式收集数据,最终通过数据对比得出结论,认为:对孤独症儿童的行为问题,应注重外部因素也就是从环境因素中寻找其原因;采用正向行为支持法的策略来分析和处理孤独症儿童行为问题是有效的;在孤独症儿童干预中应关注其身心特征,采取有针对性的教学训练策略。
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| 关 键 词： | 行为治疗 正向行为支持 个案研究 孤独症儿童 问题行为 自伤 |
Positive Behavior Support for Autistic Children with Problem Behaviors- A Case Study |
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| LIU Hao.Positive Behavior Support for Autistic Children with Problem Behaviors- A Case Study[J].Chinese Journal of Special Education,2007(3):26-32. |
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| Authors: | LIU Hao |
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| Abstract: | This study aims at identifying the effectiveness of positive behavior support in intervention to problem behaviors of autistic children. In this study, the researcher applies positive behavior support in an intervention to an autistic child's two types of problem behaviors including self-injury behavior. After a function analysis of the behaviors, the intervention group makes an intervention plan following the researcher's lead. In the intervention, professionals involved apply a few strategies including premise control, extinction, and differentiated reinforcement. The intervention lasts for nearly 3 months and the research process is divided into 5 stages including function behavior analysis and implementation of intervention, etc. In each stage, data is collected for later analysis through questionnaire and observation. The data has been analyzed and conclusions are made: problem behaviors of autistic children should be mainly attributed to external factors, i.e. environmental factors; the effectiveness of positive behavior support in analyzing and dealing with autistic children's problem behaviors has been proved; and corresponding strategies of teaching and training should be adopted in intervention according to autistic children's physical and mental characteristics. |
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| Keywords: | behavior therapy positive behavior support case study autistic children problem behavior self-injury |
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