No harmless child labor: The effect of child labor on academic achievement in francophone Western and Central Africa |
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| Institution: | 1. Graduate School of Education, Korea University. 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea;2. Korea Culture & Tourism Institute. 154 Geumnanghwa-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea;3. Division of International Studies, Korea University. 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea;1. Martin Buber Society of Fellows, Hebrew University, Israel;2. Department of African Languages, Makerere University, Uganda;3. Department of General Linguistics, Stellenbosch University, South Africa;1. 167 Ferry Street, School of Social Work, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, N9A0C5, Canada;2. University of Windsor, Ontario, Canada |
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| Abstract: | This study empirically examines the effect of child labor on academic achievement in 10 francophone Western and Central African countries. The data were taken from the Programme d’Analyse des Systèmes Educatifs de la CONFEMEN and comprised characteristics of 25,288 grade six students across 1803 schools. Two-stage least squares analysis highlights that child labor undermines academic achievement regardless of subject, gender, and age. It lowers reading and mathematics scores for both genders and for children under 12 and over 13 years. Child labor therefore hinders human capital accumulation in African countries, and it takes place at the cost of future prosperity. |
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| Keywords: | Child labor Academic performance Educational development Human capital |
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