| 职业院校实施“1+X”证书制度的现实困境与应对策略 |
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| 作者姓名： | 毛少华 |
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| 作者单位： | 开封大学 |
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| 基金项目： | 河南省教育科学“十三五”规划课题“高职人才培养供给侧改革背景下推广现代学徒制面临问题与对策研究”（编号：[2018]-JKGHBY-0450);2019年河南省高等教育教学改革研究与实践项目“地方高职院校试行1+X证书制度面临现实困境与对策研究”（编号：0402） |
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| 摘 要： | "1+X"证书制度是新型的国家资历框架制度,为了畅通技术技能人才成长通道,培养复合型高技术技能人才,确保职业教育人才培养质量,亟须解决当前职业院校实施"1+X"证书制度面临的现实困境,如证书与地方院校人才培养方案对接不畅、信效度偏低、"两证"融通度不够、专业匹配不足、"双师型"教师素质偏弱、教材教法适应不良、课证融通平台与渠道缺乏等。职业院校应通过多元主体参与、确保信效度、产教融合、加快课程建设、创新教师培养模式、改革教材教法、搭建"学分银行"等策略,确保"1+X"证书制度有效实施,实现以学生为中心,建立适合职业教育人才培养特点的评价制度和评价模式。
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| 关 键 词： | 职业院校 “1+X”证书制度 人才培养方案 课证融通 学分银行 |
The Practical Difficulties and Countermeasures of Implementing the "1+X" Certificate System in Vocational Colleges |
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| Authors: | MAO Shaohua |
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| Institution: | (Kaifeng University,Henan Kaifeng 475000) |
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| Abstract: | The "1+X" certificate system is a new type of national qualification framework system. In order to unblock the growth channel of technical talents, cultivate the compound talents with high technical skills and ensure the quality of talent training in vocational education, it is urgent to solve the practical difficulties in the implementation of the "1+X" certificate system, such as the poor connection between the certificate and the talent training program in vocational colleges, low reliability and validity, insufficient access to the "two certificates",insufficient professional matching, poor quality of "double-qualified teachers", low adaptation of teaching materials and teaching methods, and lack of platforms and channels for the integration of textbooks and certificates.Vocational colleges should ensure the effective implementation of the "1+X" certificate system through the following strategies such as multi-subject participation to ensure the reliability and validity, accelerate curriculum construction, innovate teacher training models, reform teaching materials and teaching methods, and establish a "credit bank". In order to achieve student-centeredness, the establishment of an evaluation system and evaluation mode would be suitable for the characteristics of talent training in vocational education. |
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| Keywords: | vocational colleges "1+X" certificate system talent training program integration of textbooks and certificates credit bank |
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