| 从当代学者对布洛克（M．Bloch）史著的评介看布洛克的史学理论——兼论《欧洲中世纪的“发明”》 |
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| 引用本文： | 王瑞杰.从当代学者对布洛克（M．Bloch）史著的评介看布洛克的史学理论——兼论《欧洲中世纪的“发明”》[J].零陵师范高等专科学校学报,2009(11):1-7. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王瑞杰 |
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| 作者单位： | 台湾科技大学人文社会学院,台湾台北106 |
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| 摘 要： | 要想了解当代西方的史学，不能不了解《年鉴》学派，要想了解《年鉴》学派，就不能不了解布洛克，因此，该文将从当代学者对于布洛克几本重要专著的讨论中来认识布洛克的史学理论，同时笔者则以布洛克的论文——《欧洲中世纪的发明》，来论析其史学理论的特色。他的著述至今仍是深刻地影响当代史学，他所提出的理论和方法，对于从事古史研究的人来说，具有相当的实用性。他的“问题史学”打破了以时间顺序来叙事的传统；“比较史学”将在同一的命题下的各地类似的情形作一比较分析以突显出研究主体的特性；“回溯一复原法”尝试从现在去了解过去，以补足史料的不足；“科际整合”则将各种社会科学理论加以应用以作为解释史料、提供问题解答的第一步。这些理论均可应用于古史的研究。如何在有限而隐晦的史料中，找出历史的意义，布洛克的理论提出了很好的解答。
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| 关 键 词： | 布洛克 年鉴学派 问题史学 比较史学 科际整合 |
From the Contemporary Scholars to the Reviews of Bloch＇s Historical Works to See M.Bloch＇s Historiography Theories --And On ＂Medieval Inventions＂ |
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| Institution: | WANG Jui-chieh |
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| Abstract: | To want to understand the contemporary western historiography, we have to understand the Annales School; to want to understand the Annales School, we have to understand Bloch＇s historiography theories. Consequently, this article will know Bloch＇s historiography theories from the contemporary scholar for a few reviews of Bloch＇s important works, and I would like to discuss the characteristics of Bloch＇s historiography theories by his paper ＂Medieval Inventions ＂. His works still have an impact on contemporary historiography, his theories and methods for the study of ancient history have considerable practicality. His method of history-through-problems broke the tradition of narration by chronological order; his method of comparative history was in the same proposition through similar situations of various places to proceed a comparative analysis to accentuate the principal characteristic of the study subject; regressive method was from now to understand the past, to complement insufficiency of the historical materials;the method of interdisciplinary integration applied various social science theories to explain historical data and to provide an initial settlement. These theories can be applied to the study of ancient history. How to search the meaning of history from the limited and obscure historical materials, Bloch＇s theories have given a very good answer. |
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| Keywords: | M Bloch France Annales School History-through-problems Comparative History Regressive Method Interdisciplinary integration |
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