| 韩国教育改革的人类学反思——读《学校的革新之路——从教育人类学的观点出发》 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨渝东.韩国教育改革的人类学反思——读《学校的革新之路——从教育人类学的观点出发》[J].民族高等教育研究,2021(2):17-24. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨渝东 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京大学社会学院人类学研究所 |
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| 摘 要： | 教育改革中的教师改革往往具有重要的意义,对于教改是否成功往往起到重要的影响。韩国曾经在20世纪末发起过一场长达十年的教育改革,在此过程中对也尝试积极地对教师进行改造。韩国人类学家徐根元对此进行了深入的人类学研究。作者指出,这次教育改革主要是一次自上而下的威权式改革,并从工具理性的角度对教师的价值重新进行定位,使得教师的主体性被剥夺,并成为利用改革过程中提供的资源为个人牟利的个体。通过两个田野调查个案的比较,作者揭示了这场教育改革的弊端。最后,作者用“蒲公英”和“向日葵”来象征性地表达,在这场教育改革过程中,教育价值日渐凋落,而追求个人成就的功利性教师茁壮成长。这意味着这场改革以失败而告终。
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| 关 键 词： | 教育改革 韩国 教师主体性 威权式改革 |
Reflection of Education Reform in South Korea from the Perspective of Anthropology——Reading Road to the Reform of School—From View of the Educational Anthropology |
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| Authors: | YANG Yu-dong |
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| Institution: | (Social College,Institute of Anthropology,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210046,China) |
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| Abstract: | Teacher reform is of much importance in the education reform,always deciding its success or failure.At the turn of 21th Century,South Korea lunched a ten-year education reform,in which many work were done for transforming the teachers.An anthropologist of South Korea,Xu Genyuan,makes a deep study of this process.He argues that,this reform is one conducted from up to down in an authoritative way and reshapes the teacher value from the way of instrumental rationality,thus depriving the subjectivity of teacher and making them the people who take use of the resources supplied in the process of reform to make own benefits.With two comparative cases,Dr.Xu discloses the defects of this reform.In conclusion,he symbolically shows with two images of“dandelion”and“sunflower”that education value is fading and teachers pay more and more attention to personal interests.All of these means that this education reform ends in a total failure. |
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| Keywords: | Education reform South Korea:Subjectivity of teacher Authoritative reform |
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