| 教育项目制:高职教育的项目治理逻辑 |
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| 引用本文： | 王雅静.教育项目制:高职教育的项目治理逻辑[J].现代教育管理,2020(2):123-128. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王雅静 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国社会科学院中国社会科学评价研究院 |
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| 基金项目： | 2020年度中国社会科学院青年科研启动项目“技能型高校制度的社会建构和校企结合的区域比较研究”(2020YQNQD00143)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 高职院校是实现中国制造2025和培养技术技能型人才的重要教育组织。2006年以来,国家对高职院校开展了"示范校"、"骨干校"和"双高计划"等央财专项建设工程,这集中体现了国家对高职院校的项目治理逻辑。中央政府通过财政和行政激励对高职院校实施制度体系建设、政策试点和重点专项扶持,形成项目的资源集中优势和竞争择优效应。但是,教育项目制下的政策集中化也带来了一些"意外后果",如高职院校组织策略的向上聚焦、人才培养目标逐渐偏离市场、高职精英校和一般校的分化及教育资源分配的马太效应等。教育项目制的生成动因、内涵定义、运作逻辑、组织基础和效用限度等方面受到了传统科层制的影响,项目治理实质是在中央和地方政府多层"委托-代理"关系下,处理政策集中化和区域差异化的内在张力。
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| 关 键 词： | 高职院校 项目制 科层制 制度体系建设 政策集中化 |
Project System in Education: Logic of Project System Governance in Higher Vocational Education |
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| WANG Yajing.Project System in Education: Logic of Project System Governance in Higher Vocational Education[J].Modern Education Management,2020(2):123-128. |
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| Authors: | WANG Yajing |
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| Institution: | (Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Evaluation Studies,Beijing 100732) |
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| Abstract: | Higher vocational colleges are an important organizational foundation for the realization of China Manufacturing 2025 and the training of skilled talents. Since 2006, the government has carried out central financial special construction projects such as"Demonstration School","Key schools"and"Construction plan of high-level vocational colleges and specialties"for higher vocational colleges,which has embodied the projects system governance of higher vocational colleges. The central government has carried out system construction, policy trials, and key special support to higher vocational colleges through financial and administrative incentives, forming the resource concentration advantage and competitive optimization effects.However, the policy centralization effect of educational project system has brought some "unexpected consequences", such as the "upward look" of organizational strategy of higher vocational colleges, the goal of talent cultivation gradually deviates from the market;it has also brought the differentiation of elite and general schools in higher vocational colleges and Matthew effect of higher vocational education resource allocation. The generation motivation, definition, operational logic, organizational foundation and utility limits of the education project system are all influenced by the traditional bureaucracy. The logic of educational project system is to deal with the internal tension of policy centralization and regional differentiation under the multilevel principal-agent relationship between central and local governments. |
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| Keywords: | higher vocational colleges project system bureaucracy system construction policy concentration |
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