| 《齐物论》释义 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨国荣.《齐物论》释义[J].华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2015,47(3):1-25. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨国荣 |
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| 作者单位： | 华东师范大学哲学系，上海，200241 |
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| 摘 要： | 《齐物论》以“齐”为主题，从逻辑上说，其中包含“齐物”论与齐“物论”二重涵义。“齐物”论指向世界万物，后者虽呈现千差万别的形态，但从“齐物”论的角度看，则最终可以分而齐之或不齐而齐。齐“物论”之“物论”直接所指，涉及关于“物”的不同观点，但在宽泛意义上则关乎一切是非之辩，“齐”广义论域中的“物论”，意味着消解是非的分辨和是非论争。总起来，“齐物论”以“齐”为视域，既要求超越存在之域的分别，也试图消解观念之域的是非之辩。就哲学的层面而言，扬弃“道术为天下裂”的形态、通过以道观之达到统一的存在，这一进路无疑不无所见的。然而，从现实的形态看，世界既呈现关联和统一之维，又内含多样性和差异性，所谓“物之不齐，物之情也”。以否定和拒斥的立场对待“分”与“别”，在逻辑上很难避免对存在的抽象理解，与之相涉的分而齐之，也容易疏离于真实、具体的存在，引向思辨意义上的形而上学。在庄子的齐物之论中，以道观之与抽象齐之二重取向交错而并存，呈现了多方面的理论意蕴。
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| 关 键 词： | 齐物 以道观之 分而齐之 |
An Interpretation of Zhuangzi’s Qiwulun |
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| YANG Guo-rong.An Interpretation of Zhuangzi’s Qiwulun[J].Journal of East China Normal University :Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition,2015,47(3):1-25. |
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| Authors: | YANG Guo-rong |
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| Abstract: | Qiwulun, i.e., Zhuangzi Chapter 2 explores into the issue of equality. Logically speaking, “qiwulun” means “qiwu-lun”, that is, a doctrine of the equality of things on the one hand, and “qi-wulun”, that is, the equality of views of things on the other. As a doctrine of the equality of things, qiwu-lun holds that the equalization of things with differentiation is possible in treating all things in the world in spite of the variety of their appearance. In “qi-wulun”,“wulun”refers to different views of things in particular and all debates of rightness and wrongness in general. From the perspective of qi, i.e., equality, “qiwulun” demands to overcome both the differentiation of beings and the debates of rightness and wrongness in the realm of idea. Philosophically speaking, Zhuangzi does have his insights when he advocates to achieve the unified being from the perspective of the dao and to overcome the state that “the comprehension of the dao is sundered in pieces under the heaven”. However, as far as reality is concerned, besides the dimension of correlation and unity, the world contains the dimension of variety and differentiation: “Things are not equal- this is the fact of things.” The denial and rejection of differentiation and distinction will inevitably lead to an abstract understanding of being. The equalization of things with differentiation will also easily result in a speculative metaphysics which is distant from actual and concrete beings. The coexistence of the perspective of the dao and the abstract equalization brings Zhuangzi’s “qiwulun” complicated theoretical implications. |
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