| 教育人力资本积累、分布与经济增长动能的转换——来自新中国70年的经验证据 |
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| 引用本文： | 黄维海,张晓可.教育人力资本积累、分布与经济增长动能的转换——来自新中国70年的经验证据[J].教育与经济,2021,37(1):29-38,49. |
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| 作者姓名： | 黄维海 张晓可 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京农业大学公共管理学院,南京210095 |
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| 基金项目： | 本文系全国教育科学规划2020年度一般项目"基于新人力资本框架的研究生创新素养评价与培养路径研究" |
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| 摘 要： | 借助新中国成立以来的历史数据,分析70年间中国经济高速增长的主要动能及其转换过程。通过数理推导,首先扩展出含有人力资本分布的经济增长模型,然后对各个历史时期的增长动能进行分解,发现实物资本对经济增长始终具有重要的促进作用,人力资本则在20世纪90年代后开始显著促进经济增长,逐渐成为保持中国经济持续增长的新动能。人力资本分布对经济增长的影响以人力资本积累产生显著作用为前提,分布的平衡化有利于人力资本的积累和溢出效应,进而间接促进经济增长,但促进中国经济增长的人力资本结构不是按照受教育程度“阶梯型”分布,而是“剪刀型”分布。因此,应当将人力资本作为经济增长新旧动能转换的着力点,进一步优化教育资源投入,改善人力资本结构,使人力资本积累及其结构更好地耦合产业结构调整和升级,更有效地赋能经济增长。
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| 关 键 词： | 教育人力资本 人力资本分布 经济增长 动能转换 |
Accumulation and Distribution of Education Human Capital,and the Transformation of the Drivers for China's Economic Growth:Empirical Evidence from China in the Past 70 Years |
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| Weihai Huang,Xiaoke Zhang.Accumulation and Distribution of Education Human Capital,and the Transformation of the Drivers for China's Economic Growth:Empirical Evidence from China in the Past 70 Years[J].Education & Economy,2021,37(1):29-38,49. |
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| Authors: | Weihai Huang Xiaoke Zhang |
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| Institution: | (College of Public Management,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095) |
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| Abstract: | Using the historical data of China from 1952 to 2017,the paper analyzes the main drivers of breakneck economic growth and its transformation.Through mathematical deduction,an extended economic growth model inclusive of the human capital distribution firstly was established,and then the drivers of economic growth was identified.It is found that physical capital has always played an important role in promoting economic growth,human capital has started to promote economy significantly since the 1990s,and had been as a new driving force for China’s sustained economic growth.The impact of human capital distribution on economic growth is based on the premise that the accumulation of human capital has a significant effect.The equalization of distribution is conducive to the accumulation and spillover effect of human capital,and then indirectly promotes economic growth.However,the distribution of human capital which promoting China’s economic growth is relevant to a“scissors”rather than the“ladder”.Therefore,the paper argue that human capital should be taken as the key drivers on economic growth,further optimize the educational investment,improve the human capital distribution,enforce the accumulation and structure of human capital better couple the upgrading of industrial structure,and more effectively enable economic growth. |
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| Keywords: | education human capital distribution of human capital economic growth transformation of the drivers |
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