| 美国不同类型高校教师对本科教学的
认知差异与成因分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘隽颖.美国不同类型高校教师对本科教学的
认知差异与成因分析[J].复旦教育论坛,2021,19(2):92-98. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘隽颖 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国地质大学（武汉） 高等教育研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“研究型大学青年教师教学学术发展研究”（G1323520086） |
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| 摘 要： | 以加州州立大学这一教研型高校与加州大学这一研究型高校的教师代表为样本,通过质性访谈、编码分析发现美国不同类型高校的教师对本科教学地位、目标、认可与回报的认知存在明显差异。加州州立大学的教师视教学为“首要使命”,认为本科教育旨在促进学生的“个体发展”,教学为他们带来了多元成就;加州大学的教师则认为教学是基本职责之一,致力于训练“未来的研究者”,教学上的认可主要来自学生和同行。这种认知差异的直接原因在于各校在教师晋升中导向明确,组织使命得以内化为教师的个人目标。美国研究型大学同样注重在教学管理和人事制度上对教师的教学行为予以规范,保障本科教育质量。我国大学要重视本科教育,更应当提升教学在教师评价中的地位。
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| 关 键 词： | 美国高校教师 本科教学认知差异 成因分析 教师评价 |
The Cognitive Difference on Undergraduate Teaching between Faculty from Different Types of American Universities and Its Cause Analysis |
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| LIU Junying.The Cognitive Difference on Undergraduate Teaching between Faculty from Different Types of American Universities and Its Cause Analysis[J].Fudan Education Forum,2021,19(2):92-98. |
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| Authors: | LIU Junying |
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| Institution: | (Institute of Higher Education,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China) |
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| Abstract: | Taking faculty members from California State University and University of California as samples,this qualitative study reveals that faculty from different types of American universities hold different views on the importance of undergraduate teaching and its missions,as well as the recognitions from teaching through interviews and coding analysis.Faculty members from CSU regard teaching as their primary mission.They teach for individual's development and teaching brings them various recognitions in turn.Faculty members from UC view teaching as one of their basic responsibilities.They tend to train future researchers and teaching brings them recognitions from students and peers.The essential cause of this difference lies in the clear classifications and diversified missions of American higher education institutions,while the direct cause lies in the specific orientation in their faculty evaluation systems,which helps to eventually internalize the institutional missions into faculty's belief.American research universities also regulate faculty's teaching behaviors by teaching management and personnel systems to ensure the quality of undergraduate education.As Chinese universities are attaching more importance to teaching,greater weight needs to be given to teaching in faculty evaluation. |
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| Keywords: | faculty from American universities cognitive difference on undergraduate teaching cause analysis faculty evaluation |
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