Does religion matter? Italians’ responses towards Muslim and Christian Arab immigrants as a function of their acculturation preferences |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Education, Languages, Intercultures, Literatures and Psychology, University of Florence, Via di San Salvi, 12 - Pad. 26, 50135 Florence, Italy;2. School of Psychology, University of Florence, Via della Torretta 16, 50137 Florence, Italy;3. Department of Psychology, The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway;4. School of Psychology, Sussex University, Pevensey 1, Brighton BN1 9QH UK;1. Department of Language and Communication Studies, University of Jyväskylä, Finland;2. School of Communication, Journalism, and Marketing, Massey University, New Zealand;1. School of Communication, Ariel University, Ariel 407000, Israel;2. Department of Economics and Management, Ruppin Academic Center, Emeq Hefer, Israel;1. Azman Hashim International Business School, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia;2. Faculty of Business Administration, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan;3. School of Human Resource Development and Psychology, University Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia;4. Department of Special Education, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan;1. Central China Normal University, China;2. University of Greenwich, UK;3. University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy;1. LUMSA University of Rome, Department of Human Sciences, Italy;2. University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Communication and Economics, Italy;3. University of Torino, Department of Psychology, Via Verdi 10, 10124, Torino, Italy;4. University of Padova, Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Italy;5. University of Torino, Department of Psychology, Italy |
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| Abstract: | A 2 × 2 × 2 experiment examined the role of immigrants’ religion and perceived acculturation strategy on majority members’ attitudes. Acculturation strategies were manipulated along the two dimensions of contact and culture maintenance. Italian majority members (N = 247) read fictitious but seemingly real interviews with Arab immigrants, in which the immigrants’ religion (Muslim vs. Christian) and acculturation preferences (desire for contact and for culture maintenance) were manipulated. MANOVA showed a main effect of contact: majority members associated immigrants who were perceived to favour contact with more positive attitudes, empathy, trust, positive stereotypes and metastereotypes, and lower levels of threat. MANOVA also showed a main effect of culture maintenance: when immigrants were perceived to abandon their culture, majority members reported lower levels of symbolic threat and greater empathy towards them. A significant Religion x Culture maintenance interaction effect emerged on majority members’ stereotypes and contact intentions: Muslim immigrants who were perceived to abandon their heritage culture elicited more favourable responses than Muslim immigrants who were perceived to maintain their heritage culture. Taken together, these findings suggest that desire for intergroup contact amongst immigrants, independently of their religion, can promote harmonious intergroup relations with the majority group. |
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| Keywords: | Intergroup attitudes Acculturation Contact Culture maintenance Religion |
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