| 信息规避研究:边界、脉络与动向 |
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| 引用本文： | 姜婷婷,权明喆,魏子瑶.信息规避研究:边界、脉络与动向[J].中国图书馆学报,2020,46(4):99-114. |
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| 作者姓名： | 姜婷婷 权明喆 魏子瑶 |
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| 作者单位： | 武汉大学信息管理学院 湖北 武汉 430072 |
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| 基金项目： | 本文系国家自然科学基金面上项目“在线信息偶遇过程中趋避行为的产生规律与神经机制研究”（编号:71774125）的研究成果之一 |
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| 摘 要： | 信息会使人受益,并改变人们的生活,但在海量信息出现时,人们并不总是去搜寻信息,反而会常常规避信息。本研究采用系统性综述方法,收集发表于2004至2019年间的59篇信息规避研究文献,并对其研究脉络与方法进行分析整合。研究发现:信息规避与选择性接触是两种不同的现象,研究时应该区分开来;以往研究主要围绕信息规避行为机制展开,其发生原因涉及个体差异、认知因素和情感因素三个方面,具体规避策略包括规避信息源、控制注意力、推迟获取、遗忘和否认信息,规避的结果以消极影响为主;研究人员偏向于采取定性或定量的研究方式。未来研究应丰富相关理论基础,完善信息规避行为机制研究,并且拓展至健康医疗以外的研究背景,最后加强混合方法论的应用。图2。表2。参考文献84。
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| 关 键 词： | 信息规避 信息行为 用户研究 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/7/9 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020/2/4 0:00:00 |
A Review of Information Avoidance Studies:Domain Boundaries,Research Foci,and Future Trends |
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| JIANG Tingting,QUAN Mingzhe,WEI Ziyao.A Review of Information Avoidance Studies:Domain Boundaries,Research Foci,and Future Trends[J].Journal of Library Science In China,2020,46(4):99-114. |
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| Authors: | JIANG Tingting QUAN Mingzhe WEI Ziyao |
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| Abstract: | Despite the benefits of information,people don’t always seek it and often avoid it.Information avoidance is an important component of human’s information behavior in addition to information seeking and information encountering.Given the lack of attention to this domain,this study aims to define clearly the domain boundaries of information avoidance and identify the exiting research foci and important trends for future studies.Research questions include:1) What are reasons,strategies,and consequences of information avoidance?2) What roles have different research methods played in the research of information avoidance?This study adopted systematic review to analyze,synthesize,and present previous studies of information avoidance.Different from narrative review,systematic review emphasizes the transparency and replicability of literature search and selection.This study conducted search with the keyword "information avoidance" in a number of major databases and created detailed literature elimination and evaluation criteria,which led to accurate identification of related studies of high quality.The systematic review was conducted on 59 studies falling into the domain of information avoidance.They were published between 2004 and 2019. 83. 1% of them are journal papers,and 76. 3% involving specific topics of information. They were distributed widely in a number of disciplines,including psychology,library and information science,communications,medicine,and so on. These studies were built upon a series of theories,including Uncertainty Reduction Theory,Uncertainty Management Theory,Theory of Motivated Information Management,and Stress/Coping.Major findings include: 1) Information avoidance and selective exposure are two different phenomena and should be distinguished from each other. Information avoidance refers to the avoidance of potentially"unwanted" information when people are uncertain of its Content. 2) Existing studies focused on the mechanisms of information avoidance behavior. The reasons of avoiding information include individual differences( socio-economic variables,personality traits,and world view),cognitive factors( perceived control,perceived coping resources,perceived threat/risk,and efficacy),and emotional factors( positive/negative emotions and discrete emotions). Specific strategies of avoiding include avoiding information sources,controlling attention,deferring acquisition,forgetting,and denying. Information avoidance mainly leads to negative consequences. 3) Information avoidance researchers preferred to use research approaches that were either qualitative or quantitative. Qualitative data was usually collected with interviews and diaries and analyzed with grounded theory and content analysis;and quantitative data was mainly collected with questionnaire surveys and experiments and analyzed with traditional statistical methods. 4) Future research should dive deeper into the mechanisms of information avoidance behavior based on richer theories.Researchers need to see beyond the health and medicine contexts and pay more attention to mixed methods.The originality of this study mainly consists in: 1) The differences between information avoidance and selective exposure were identified and specified for the first time,which engendered clear boundaries for the domain of information avoidance.2) A comprehensive domain map describing the mechanisms of information avoidance behavior was established based on the systematic review of 59 studies.3) A refined definition of"information avoidance" was engendered from the perspective the stress/coping and emphasizing the need to increase cognitive uncertainty and reduce emotional uncertainty;3) Constructive suggestions were provided for future studies of information avoidance in terms of theory development,research focus,method,and context.2 figs.2 tabs.84 refs. |
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| Keywords: | Information avoidance Information behavior User study |
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